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| “I’m not anti-vaccine, I’m pro-safe vaccines”: | Denying one opposes vaccination, instead claiming they are for safer vaccines and further research. |
| “Vaccines are toxic!”: | Listing potentially toxic vaccine ingredients while providing disingenuous explanations of their dangers (a.k.a. the “toxin gambit”). |
| “Vaccines should be 100% safe”: | Because absolute safety cannot be promised, vaccination is therefore flawed and dangerous. |
| “You can’t prove vaccines are safe”: | Demanding vaccine advocates demonstrate vaccines do not lead to harm, rather than anti-vaccine activists having to prove they do. |
| “Vaccines didn’t save us”: | Attributing improvements in health over recent decades to factors other than vaccines (e.g. better sanitation). |
| “Vaccines are unnatural”: | Designating something “natural” to be the better option (e.g. naturally acquiring immunity from diseases rather than from vaccination). |
| “Choosing between diseases and vaccine injuries”: | Framing vaccination choices as restricted between undesirable outcomes (e.g. catching a disease versus serious vaccine side-effects). |
| “Galileo was persecuted too”: | Invoking the names of those persecuted by scientific orthodoxy, implying ideas facing close-mindedness will eventually gain acceptance (a.k.a. the “Galileo gambit”). |
| “Science was wrong before”: | Citing prior instances of scientific errors to imply the scientific evidence supporting vaccination is also in error. |
| “So many people can’t all be wrong”: | Implying anti-vaccine claims are true because many people support such ideas. |
| “Skeptics believe…”: | Ascribing false motives to vaccine supporters, which are then easily attacked. |
| “You’re in the pocket of Big Pharma”: | Claiming those supporting vaccines do so because they are hired by pharmaceutical companies (a.k.a. the “pharma shill gambit”). |
| “I don’t believe in coincidences”: | Rejecting that health problems can occur coincidentally after vaccination. |
| “I’m an expert on my own child”: | Redefining expertise, where parents are the experts on their own children while medical authorities are discounted. |
