' Proceedings from the Monetizing Stranded Gas Reserves
Conference includes all presentations from the meeting. It is
available for $400 for the full proceedings by calling
713-952-9500. Proceedings include the following:
INTRODUCTION TO GAS-TO-LIQUIDS (PARTS I AND
II)
Speaker: Dr. J. T. (James) Richardson, Chairman,
Chemical Engineering Department, University of
Houston
The four-hour introductory course reviews such
topics as oxygen separation (including partial
oxidation with ceramic membrane reactors);
autothermal and steam and carbon dioxide reforming
for synthesis gas production; Fischer-Tropsch
synthesis; catalysts, substrates, beds and reactors;
and hydrocracking and fractionation of the resulting
paraffinic compounds. Professor Richardson also
briefly describes the differences between the
Fischer-Tropsch process and other gas-to-liquids
processes such as those used to produce methanol,
dimethyl ether and anhydrous ammonia.
COMPARISON OF LNG VS. GTL ECONOMICS
Speaker: Ms. Christina Hunt, Hunt Economic
Solutions LLC
Ms. Hunt reviews the economic issues of LNG
project development vs. gas-to-liquids project
development. While at Phillips Petroleum, Ms. Hunt
developed a spreadsheet-based economic model for
evaluating LNG projects. She has since expanded the
model to evaluate gas-to-liquids projects. During her
30-minute presentation, she presents a sample
gas-development case scenario and illustrates the
impact of key variables on LNG and GTL economics.
KEYNOTE: IMPACT OF AND APPROACHES TO
MONETIZING STATOIL'S STRANDED GAS
RESERVES
Speaker: Terje Halmoe, Vice President - Industrial
Development Gas, Statoil
Statoil is an example of an energy company with
substantial reserves of remote natural gas, some of
which is associated with oil. The company has more
than 50 tcf of gas in northern Europe where flaring is
becoming less viable. Statoil is taking several unique
approaches to monetizing these reserves, including
possible LNG and GTL projects.
OPPORTUNITIES AND THREATS FOR
GAS-TO-LIQUIDS CONVERSION TECHNOLOGY
Speaker: Eric Hanlon, senior engagement
manager, McKinsey & Company.
The energy practice for McKinsey & Company is
based in Houston. Hanlon describes the opportunities,
implications, and threats for the emerging
gas-to-liquids industry in the broader energy
marketplace.
SASOL'S SLURRY DISTILLATE PROCESS AND
FUTURE APPLICATIONS
Speaker: George Couvaras, general
manager-Sasol Synfuels International, Sasol.
Sasol has a wealth of experience with
Fischer-Tropsch gas-to-liquids technologies. The
company has begun to enter alliances around the
world to commercialize its slurry-phase distillate
process.
COMPETING TECHNOLOGIES PANEL
The leading authorities on five technologies for moving
stranded gas reserves to market: Fischer-Tropsch
gas-to-liquids, offshore LNG, anhydrous ammonia,
gas-to-wire and gas-to-chemicals. Each participant
makes a 15-minute introductory presentation on his
technology. The panel chairman opens the floor for
broader discussion.
Chairman: Jim Labbe, senior engineer, Chevron
Petroleum Technology Company
Gas-to-Liquids Representative: Mark Agee,
president & COO, Syntroleum.
Agee discussess the advantages of GTL for
monetizing stranded gas reserves and the Syntroleum
process.
Offshore LNG Representative: Charles Durr,
technology vice president, LNG, M.W. Kellogg. .
Durr describes why offshore LNG production,
storage and offloading vessels are now more feasible,
and what, where and how broad are the potential
applications for offshore LNG.
Anhydrous Ammonia Representative: Niels
Udengaard, mgr of proc. eng. and pilot plants,
Haldor Topsoe. .
With forecasts for many new ammonia/urea plants in
the next five years, Udengaard describes the
implications and benefits of converting gas to
anhydrous ammonia.
Gas-to-Wire Representative: Mark Axford, vice
president, Stewart & Stevenson. .
Axford describes scenarios where gas might be
converted to electricity using portable power
generation.
Gas-to-chemicals Representative: Mike Gradassi,
Amoco E&P Tech. Group.
Gradassi discusses the status, advantages and
challenges of converting gas to dimethyl ether as well
as proposed applications for the fuel.
CATALYST ISSUES AND SLURRY-BUBBLE COLUMN
RESEARCH
Speaker: Dr. Nancy Jackson, sr. member, tech.
staff, Catalysis and Chemical Technologies Dept.,
Sandia National Labs.
Jackson describes the leading catalysts for syngas and
Paraffin production as well as areas of the technology
that hold the most promise for future advancement.
CERAMIC MEMBRANE OXYGEN SEPARATION
Speaker: Bal Agrawal, general manager, Praxair.
Praxair is part of an alliance to research and develop
partial oxidation technology with ceramic-membrane
reactors.
ENERGY INTERNATIONAL'S FISCHER-TROPSCH
PROCESS AND RESULTING FUEL PRODUCTS
Speaker: Alan Singleton, president, Energy
International Corp.
Energy International, a subsidiary of The Williams
Companies, has developed a new generation of
cobalt-based, alumina-supported catalyst that they
say makes their technology competitive at $16-$17
per barrel of crude oil.
GAS-TO-LIQUIDS PROCESSES
Speaker: Peter Tijm, manager, syngas conversion
systems, Air Products and Chemicals.
Air Products has developed numerous processes and
technologies for monetizing remote or stranded gas
reserves. Tijm has been asked to describe the
company's gas-to-liquids process.
GAS-TO-METHANOL OPPORTUNITIES AND
CHALLENGES
Speaker: Michael Macdonald, business
development executive, Methanex.
Methanex, a Vancouver, Canada-based company, is
building the world's largest methanol tanker and is
also in an alliance for commercialization of
methanol-based fuel cells. Macdonald discussess how
Methanex is positioning itself to take advantage of its
new technology for growth in the methanol
marketplace.
DIRECT METHANE OXIDATION (DMO)
Speaker: Roy Periana, director of gas research,
Catalytica.
Catalytica has begun a $4.1 million, three-year
research project to develop a non-synthesis gas
process which could reduce gas-to-liquids plant
capital costs by 50%.
FISCHER-TROPSCH DIESEL AND KEROSENE AND
JET FUEL PERFORMANCE IN COMBUSTION
ENGINES
Speaker: Dr. Thomas Ryan, institute engineer,
Southwest Research Institute .
For the past several years, Southwest Research
Institute has demonstrated the performance and
emissions benefits of engines burning
Fischer-Tropsch-derived fuels relative to conventional
petroleum-derived fuels. Stavinoha reviews the
performance characteristics of the
Fischer-Tropsch-derived fuels as well as comment on
opportunities for additional performance
enhancements.
APCI GAS LIQUEFACTION PROCESS OFFSHORE
Speaker: James Bromfembrenner, senior project
manager, Air Products & Chemicals.
Air Products has licensed the liquefaction technology
for more than 90% of the world's baseload
gas-liquefaction trains, using its propane
pre-cooled/mixed refrigerant process. The company
is also developing a complete mixed-refrigerant
process for offshore applications.
PRITCHARD'S PRICO GAS LIQUEFACTION PROCESS
OFFSHORE
Speaker: Brian Price, technology manager, gas
processing and cryogenics, Black & Veatch
Pritchard .
Mobil selected Pritchard's poly-refrigerant integrated
cycle operation (PRICO) liquefaction process for its
6-million metric-ton-per-year offshore plant design.
TECHNICAL CONSIDERATIONS FOR THE
CLASSIFICATION OF OFFSHORE GAS
LIQUEFACTION, STORAGE AND TRANSFER VESSELS
Speaker: Todd Grove, manager of offshore
engineering, ABS Marine Services.
ABS Marine Services has been instrumental in
certifying many floating production, storage and
offloading (FPSO) vessels used for offshore oil
recovery. Grove describes the issues for certifying
LNG FPSOs.
SHIP-TO-SHIP LNG TRANSFER ISSUES
Speaker: Chris Pashalis, president of Transfer
Division, FMC Loading Systems. .
FMC has built the lion's share of loading systems for
LNG import and export. Ship-to-ship transfer,
however, poses unique challenges when compared to
traditional shore-to-ship LNG transfer.
TECHNIGAZ'S CONCRETE-MEMBRANE OFFSHORE
LNG CONTAINMENT SYSTEM
Speaker: Jean Claude, manager, Cryogenic
Facilities Division, SN Technigaz.
Technigaz has developed a concrete-membrane
containment system for onshore LNG storage; its
parent company, Bouygues Offshore, has designed
and built FPSOs. Together, they hope to combine
their technical expertise for offshore LNG
applications.
KVAERNER MOSS' OFFSHORE LNG CONTAINMENT
SYSTEM
Speaker: Kare Rygg Johnsen, vice president,
Kvaerner.
The spherical Kvaerner-Moss LNG storage design
has been used on most of the world's LNG carrier
ships. Kvaerner has been exploring the application of
this design for offshore gas liquefaction and storage
vessels.
MARKETING OPPORTUNITIES, CHALLENGES FOR
NATURAL GAS LIQUEFIED OFFSHORE
Speaker: Mark Gammons, International Power
Ventures, Inc.
Gammons describes opportunities and challenges
associated with marketing LNG produced offshore.
MARKET DEVELOPMENT ISSUES FOR
GAS-DERIVED METHANOL
Speaker: Jim Crocco, executive vice president,
Methanol Studies, CMAI .
Crocco follows the worldwide methanol market in
detail and will share his perspectives on growth.
DOE OVERVIEW OF DEVELOPMENT NEEDS FOR
GTL
Speaker: Venkat Venkataraman, Office of Fossil
Energy, DOE.
DOE has been involved with gas conversion for many
years. Among other projects, it has entered a
joint-development project with Air Products,
Marathon and ARCO to develop ceramic membrane
technology ultimately for Alaska North Slope
gas-conversion applications.
GAS UTILIZATION RESEARCH FORUM (GURF)
ACTIVITIES/INITIATIVES
Speaker: Rob Motal, chairman, Gas Utilization
Research Forum.
Major energy companies and engineering and
construction firms comprise this six-year-old forum.
GURF has conducted at least two joint-industry
projects (JIPs) to apply shore-based gas technology
offshore. Three more JIPs are in varying stages of
planning and execution.
MOBIL'S OFFSHORE LNG DEVELOPMENT AND
INITIATIVES (INCLUDING FILM AND MODEL)
Speaker: Marie Naklie, team leader, Mobil's
Floating LNG Plant Team.
Mobil estimates the 6.0-million metric-ton-per-year
floating plant will lead to some 25 percent in capital
savings over conventional onshore plants.
DESIGN AND COSTING SUMMARIES OF GAS
CONVERSION PLANTS ON FPSOS
Speaker: Steve Worley, chairman, Worley
Engineers.
Worley Engineers Inc. has significant experience in the
design of offshore structures for the oil and gas
industry. Steve Worley discusses the design, layout
and costs for 25 and 40-MMSCFD methanol plants,
synfuel/syncrude plants, raw gasoline plants and
extended well test conversion plants.
CASE STUDY: BATEMAN'S GTL INITIATIVES
(MOSSGAS AND SYNTROLEUM)
Speaker: Ray Swanepoel, Mossgas process
manager, Bateman Davy Engineering Ltd.
Swanepoel compares the Mossgas technology with
current technology offered by Syntroleum.
CASE STUDY: RENTECH INDIA
Speaker: Dennis Yakobson, president and CEO,
Rentech.
A 360-bpd GTL plant is being built in India using
Rentech technology. Yakobson was asked to present
a case study of this plant and an overview of
Rentech's technology using iron-based catalysts.
CASE STUDY: SHELL'S COMMERCIAL EXPERIENCE
Speaker: Ad R. Punt, manager synfuels, Shell
International.
Punt describes Shell's commerical experience in the
field.
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