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Politics : Formerly About Advanced Micro Devices

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To: tejek who wrote (567339)	5/21/2010 7:40:43 AM
From: Brumar89	1 Recommendation Read Replies (1) of 1576064

ESTIMATES OF GLOBAL INPUTS OF OIL TO THE MARINE ENVIRONMENT In a report published in 2002 by the National Research Council (NRC) of the U.S. National Academy of Sciences, the average total worldwide annual release of petroleum (oils) from all known sources to the sea has been estimated at 1.3 million tonnes. However, the range is wide, from a possible 470,000 tonnes to a possible 8.4 million tonnes per year. According to the report, the main categories of sources contribute to the total input as follows: * natural seeps: 46% * discharges from consumption of oils (operational discharges from ships and discharges from land-based sources): 37% * accidental spills from ships; 12% * extraction of oil: 3% .... oils.gpa.unep.org From 1971 to 2000, offshore facilities and pipelines were responsible for only 2 percent of the oil in U.S. waters. The bulk of it (63 percent) came from natural seepage, and 22 percent came from municipal and industrial runoff. Worldwide, natural seepage is the largest source (47 percent) of oil in water, followed by spills from ocean transportation (33 percent). In short, the risk of oil spills from platforms is small. In contrast, there are relatively high environmental costs associated with importing oil as opposed to producing it in the United States. There are three problems with importing oil: First, spills from tankers and barges are the largest human-caused source of oil in the oceans. Oil is more likely to be spilled from a tanker than from a platform, and tankers have the potential to cause catastrophic spills. .... Message 26432875

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