NUKE report:
Kathy Knight-McConnell
Rhombic Corporation Symbol: NUKE Exchange: OTC:BB Suite 901, 1212 Howe Street Vancover, BC V6Z 2M9 Ph: (604) 683-4864 Fax: (604) 683-4814 email: rhombic@direct.ca internet: www.rhombic.com Shares outstanding: 29,000,000 Restricted shares: 21,000,000 Float: 8,000,000 Market Makers: DLCR, FRAN, HILL, MASH, MHMY, NAIB, NATC, NITE, OLIE, PBLC, PGON, SHRP, SOLA, USCT, WDCO, WEIN Certified Public Accountants: King and Weber, Phoenix, Arizona, USA. Transfer Agent: Nevada Agency & Trust Company, Reno, Nevada, USA. Investor Relations: Mike Skerry tel: (604) 421-5543 fax: (604) 421-5532 toll free: (888) 821-6607
Incorporation took place in the state of Nevada on February 26, 1987, by the predecessor company which was acquired by Rhombic Corporation on November 21, 1994.
Directors and Officers Wm. Larry Owen - President, received a Bachelor of Arts degree from Pepperdine University of California, and Masters of Education degree from the University of Southern California. After moving to Canada in 1963, Mr. Owen was a founder of the New World Jade Company, and later President of International Phasor Telecom, a leading computer security firm during 1982 to 1985.
Robert Krushnisky - CEO and Director, senior partner of International Laser Games, a coin operated firm with outlets throughout British Columbia. Mr. Krushnisky served as past President of Rockford Technology Corp. which owns diamond film technologies. Mr. Krushnisky is a graduate of the US International University at San Diego. with a Bachelor of Arts in Science, Business and Commerce.
Albert Golusin - CFO and Director, is a Certified Public Accountant in Phoenix, AZ., a graduated from Brigham Young University in 1978 Mr Golusin worked for the international accounting firm of Grant Thornton & Company from 1979 - 1981 and Kenneth Leventhal & Company between 1983 - 84. He has also served as controller for Glenayre Electronics, a NASDAQ company, from 1984 - 1991. Since 1992 Mr Golusin has been in private practice as an accounting consultant to public companies.
Stanley Porayko - Director and Secretary, is currently a rancher from Alberta. Formerly a founder of the huge jade deposit on Ogden Mountain, British Columbia, and mining. director of Yugold Mines.
Patent Scientists & Professional Consultants Mark Heeres - Consultant on Forced Diamond Diffusion Project Professor Heinrich Hora - Nuclear/Nuclid Battery and Diamond Flywheel Battery Vladimir Fortov, physicist, researcher - Nuclear/Nuclid Battery Mark Antonio Prelas - Forced Diffusion Technology and Diamond Flywheel Battery Dr. George Miley - University of Illinois: Inertial Electrostatic Confinement Tech Prof. Dr. Reinhard Hopfl - Nuclear/Nuclid Battery Professor Vladimir Yurievich Baranov - Forced Diamond Diffusion Dr. Alexander Pal - Nuclear/Nuclid Battery Galina Popovici, PHD - Forced Diamond Diffusion Li-Te Steven Lin, PHD - Forced Diamond Diffusion Talun Jeff Sung, MS in Nuclear Engineering - Forced Diamond Fusion Peter Weicker, Software Developer - Rhostar.com, Rhombic Explorer and FaxKey
Rhombic Corporation is a company engaged in the business of seeking and acquiring proprietary technologies with applications greater than $100 million, with the objective of incubating them, and then bringing them to commercialization. Rhombic scientists have developed several ground-breaking, unique technologies.
Inertial Electrostatic Confinement Fusion Technology (IEC) Dr. George Miley, who is a professor of nuclear, electrical and computer engineering at the University of Illinois, has patented a neutron generator (a fusion machine), currently in commercial production through an agreement with Daimler-Chrysler Aerospace, which unlike any other fusion machine, is small enough to sit on a desktop, can be switched on and off at will, and which produces extremely minute amounts of radioactive waste. It is a small metallic football shaped sphere and it's primary purpose is not to make energy but to generate neutrons. Billions of them a second. Neutrons are subatomic particles with no electric charge that have an extraordinary range of uses such as: 1) To analyze materials, neutrons can be used to identify most common elements in a matter of seconds versus chemical analysis which can take hours 2) Neutrons help scientists to work out the structure of new molecules and crystals 3) Neutron particle beams are being used for cancer treatment and I have been told that the IEC unit has now surpassed 10^9 power neutrons per second, which is powerful enough for that purpose 4) Mining companies can use the neutron generator to spot impurities in ores while still in the process of being mined 5) Specialized metal smelters will use them to monitor the composition and quality of metal alloys in real time.
Other Practical Applications for IEC Technology - Experimentation with fusion at university laboratories - Analysis of mineral quality in the coal, cement and similar industries - Exploration for minerals and oil - Detection of non-metallic antipersonnel mines (land mines) - Combustion and gasification - Generation of electrical energy - Detection of contraband at airports, bus stops, train stations and similar areas
Until now neutrons have been extremely dangerous and difficult to generate and required the use of a nuclear reactor or a high powered particle accelerator to do the job and neutron analysis could only take place by utilizing the expert facilities of a very few specialized laboratories. The IEC unit produces neutrons more cheaply and safely than existing methods.
According to John Sved, an engineer with Daimler-Chrysler Aerospace, the IEC units are safe and easy to use which gives them an edge over other well established neutron sources. The neutron generating sources in use now contain radioactive gases such as Californium and have a risk of contamination from radioactive isotopes. With the IEC unit customers can avoid these risks because they are fueled by harmless deuterium, and the only waste is helium-3 gas, a hint of hydrogen and negligible traces of radioactive tritium. "A small IEC neutron generator could run for decades without creating enough radioactive waste to exceed minimum regulated levels," Sved says. "The machine could be completely consumed in a fire and there would be virtually no concern about escaping radiation." Daimler-Benz (Chrysler) plans to remove the tritium from the spheres safely each time they are recharged with fresh deuterium.
Through Rhombic's wholly owned subsidiary, Rockford Technology Associates, the University of Illinois has licensed the technology to Daimler-Chrysler Aerospace (DASA) of Trauen, Germany, for which Daimler-Chrysler will pay a 3.2% royalty to Rhombic Corp. For the rights to develop, manufacture, and market the IEC technology to the world. This agreement provides Rhombic with a long-term royalty on all IEC sales in Europe, Asia, Africa, South America, Australia, and New Zealand in the amount of 3.2% for each unit sold. Rhombic is estimating that they will receive $5 million in royalties into the year 2000 (which does not include the much larger prospective income from Rhombic's marketing rights in North America). The first units are expected to ship from Trauen in the first half of 1999. The IEC units will be sold, depending on size and use, for between $60,000 and $150,000 each - a mere fraction of the cost of the nuclear reactors or particle accelerators now being used to produce neutron beams. Rhombic Corp. will retain all rights throughout North America and will be actively pursuing the sale of those rights. A milestone has been achieved in that shipments of the IEC FusionStar have begun and the first payment of royalties has been received.
Special Update - On May 20, 1999, Rhombic announced that it had received its first annual report in accordance with the 1996 license agreement between Daimler- Chrysler Aerospace (DASA), the University of Illinois, and its wholly owned subsidiary Rockford Technologies (RTA).Highlights of the report produced by DASA's new FusionStar unit includes development of the inertial electrostatic confinement device (IEC) as a point source neutron generator to the commercial stage.
Market interest for the IEC neutron generators continues. Presentation and test site demonstrations have been made to a number of prospective original equipment manufacturer customers. The applications of the IEC demonstrations included ON-LINE MINERAL ANALYSIS, SECURITY INSPECTION SYSTEMS, and LAND MINE DETECTION. In all cases, the prospective customers responded with technical requirements. The technical collaboration continues between the University of Illinois Fusion Studies Laboratory and DASA FusionStar. The goal is to scale up the fundamental research support and to enlarge the FusionStar development team. IEC may be further developed for: * An optical gas mixture that provides higher neutron energy and flux. * A pulsed neutron generator that provides higher neutron flux and pulsed mode operation. * The line source chamber that will be pulsed
Forced Diffusion Diamond Process Rhombic Corporation holds Patent #5,597,762, covering the "Forced Diffusion" diamond technology and which was issued January 28th, 1997. The United States Patent Office received Rhombic's diamond patent application September 27th, 1994.
Rhombic Corporation's doped negative type (N-type) diamond technology, often referred to as forced diffusion, has been successfully etched in a former Soviet Republic laboratory to create two functional integrated circuits. This breakthrough by Rhombic in successfully diffusing different elements into diamond film produces a diamond with electronic properties greatly superior to those of silicon, the material now used to make computer chips. This proprietary technology is theoretically so powerful that a computer chip can operate hundreds of times faster than silicon. In addition, such N-type films are considerably more resistant to heat and radiation than silicon, extending indefinitely the life of electronic circuitry. This means not only ultra fast integrated circuits and chips, but also diamond diodes and switches, resulting in a complete revolution of today's computers.
This technology will have a broad impact on the existing diamond film market, currently about $100 million and growing at a projected rate of 10 percent per year. Applications range from computer and TV screens to diamond tools and coatings for high-fidelity speakers. The total market for cutting tools worldwide in 1991 was $250 million, of which $102 million was diamond material. The projected sales of diamond electronics, currently about $6 million a year, is expected to reach $500 million by the year 2000. This market is by far the most dynamic in the diamond film industry.
Rhombic Corporation has established ties with an International company, and is working on an agreement to dope white mined diamond with boron to see if the properties of the more economical white diamond can be modified to match that of mined blue diamond. In addition, Rhombic is pursuing agreements with other companies to develop applications based on material modification by the addition of impurities. The market for boron-doped diamond film for the first year is projected to be in excess of $30 million, with markets exploited by Drunker, DeBeers of Europe, and Norton Diamond of the United States.
Nanophase diamond powders are a new material that was developed for the Russian military program. It is a diamond powder made up of very small pieces of diamond with a narrow distribution of sizes about four nanometers in diameter. Rhombic is developing a process to press and bind the nanophase diamond powder to form a hard material. The forced diffusion process can change the mechanical properties of diamond grit by boron doping, making the grit 10 to 15 percent harder than ordinary diamond grit. The market for diamond grit is approximately $70 million a year.
With the release of the Patent "Field Enhanced Diffusion Using Optical Activation", Rhombic Corporation is preparing to establish its first manufacturing/laboratory site at Columbia, Missouri, to produce Positive (P) type diamond film, and to finalize the development of Negative (N) type diamond.
By diffusing certain elements into the diamond interstices, Rhombic has already created a number of integrated N-type diamond circuits, and has immediate plans to produce diamond diodes and switches. Diamond is unique among all materials since it is both heat and radiation resistant, and is so electrically conductive that diamond chip speed is potentially a thousand times faster than silicon. Harder cutting tools and abrasives, diamond tv screens and computer monitors, sensors, bearings and radar are among a number of potential applications of doped diamond which Rhombic Corporation will be developing.
Special Update:
On July 27, 1999, Rhombic Corporation announced that a third proposal has been accepted from the University of Missouri at Columbia that uses the company's "Forced Diffusion" technology to produce a quality line of colored diamonds for the rapidly growing high-end accessory market. The "Forced Diffusion" process will be used to change ordinary colorless white diamonds into beautiful and valued shades of pink, orange, blue, and green and possibly the very rare red. The color changes to these diamonds will be virtually undetectable from natural colored diamonds. Colored diamonds, known as fancies, are valued for their depth of color, just as white diamonds are valued for their lack of color.
The company's initial 1996 experimental work in altering color in diamonds was successful in producing diamonds in a color range of range to carnation. In the same year the figure for annual retail sales of colored gemstone jewelry was estimated at $10 billion while the world jewelry market is estimated to be between $50 and $60 billion according to Cheryl Kremkow, Director of International Colored Gemstone Association Gembureau. Plans for implementation and development of the new project are scheduled to commence on September 1, 1999.
Since the color change will be used to enhance natural diamonds, the "Forced Diffusion" process will produce colored diamonds with the same properties; physical, optical, chemical, brilliance, and fire of a natural diamond unlike moissanite or cubic zirconia that are only simulants containing a different chemistry, different optical properties, etc.
June 28, 1999, Rhombic Corporation announced that the company has accepted a second proposal from the University of Missouri to participate in a joint research plan to develop doped diamond electrodes and undoped diamond film for the hydrogen fuel cell market.
The doped diamond electrodes will be non-corrosive with the unique features of excellent thermal, chemical, and electrical conductive properties. The use of boron doped diamond film in the development of these electrodes will add efficiency to hydrogen fuel cells now being produced for automobiles, buses, and trucks. Work on this project also is expected to begin on September 1, 1999.
On June 21, 1999, Rhombic Corporation announced that the company has accepted a proposal from the University of Missouri to use its laboratory facilities, technical equipment, and personnel in the purification of silicon carbide and gallium nitride wafer materials using the Rhombic technology "to purify the gallium nitride of the unintentional oxygen and silicon impurities incorporated into the structure, and to purify the silicon carbide wafers of the pollutants boron, nitrogen, and oxygen." This project began July 1, 1999 under the supervision of Dr. Mark Prelas. The wafers which were purchased from US manufacturers in two and three inch crystal sizes are being treated with Rhombic's patented "Forced Diffusion" process.
The gallium nitride wafer is a blue laser generator, and silicon carbide is a major factor in high temperature, high speed electronics. Both materials are light emitting diodes that can be modified to produce photovoltaic cells that assist in the conversion of ultra violet light to electricity. Reducing the impurities in the wafers would give them an improved effectiveness with a longer life span, and simplify the construction of photovoltaic cells.
According to the 1999 Industry Report, "Silicon will remain the dominant material for substrates and wafers for the foreseeable future with demand exceeding $7 billion in 1999. The push for ever greater performance at lower prices has brought new wafer technologies into the market."
Rhombic's patented "Forced Diffusion" process can be used to add to or to take out impurities from diamond, silicon carbide, gallium nitride, and other special materials to midify the optical, chemical, electrical, and mechanical properties of those materials.
On June 11, 1999, Rhombic Corporation announced that the company has acquired the technology to develop a solid state diamond based neutron monitor/detection device. Because of the company's expertise in diamond films, and its patented "Forced Diffusion" technology, work on the monitor/detection device can be developed at the University of Missouri along side other applications of "Forced Diffusion"..
Plans are to develop a very small solid state monitor/detector which would be portable and useful in personnel monitoring at nuclear power plants, for detection of weapon's grade nuclear materials, as a sensor for nuclear reactors, and as a device for small area flux profiling. By varying the doping element infused into diamond through "Forced Diffusion", it is predicted that an array of detectors could be built that are sensitive to various energy neutrons. Such an array could do small area spectrum analysis of neutron energies.
This proposed device also would be saleable to the purchasers of the Inertial Electrostatic Confinement (IEC) fusion devices soon to be produce din Europe. The IEC devices created neutrons by the millions per second through fusion of hydrogen atoms. Rhombic's proposed monitor/detector would help track the neutron activity.
On May 26, 1999, Rhombic Corporation announced the acquisition of a method for manufacturing a highly efficient disperse deposit material (DCM) or dust plasma, that is made up of a homogeneous interior covered with a thin and strong connective coating. Dr. Vladamir Fortov, Russian Minister of Science, and Dr. Reinhard Hopfl, a high ranking German physicist, head Russian and German scientific teams which have joined with Rhombic Corporation in the production of DCM particles in the U.S. and/or Russia. The DCM plasmas can be produced as catalysts, as abrasive wear-resistant grinding materials of high strength, and as intermediate material for soldering or welding of various ceramic and other nonmetal items with metals such a solder for the junction of high temperature superconductors and electric current leads. A special application is a coating that leads to a very low cost conversion of long lived nuclear wastes from nuclear reactors into stable nuclides or the eliminations of the radio active plutonium by transmutation into uranium. This potential of DCM plasmas to neutralize radio active wastes opens the door for Rhombic Corporation to enter the billion dollar waste site clean up business that plagues the world with toxins. According to Rhombic's scientists, all of the known manufacturing methods for these DCM materials are either insufficient in the continuity of the coating, or the coating does not adhere adequately to the particles of the initial material, resulting in a degradation of the strength of the product. Rhombic's DCM acquisition assures that the active components have strong adhesive qualities and a long DCM lifetime.
On April 14, 1999, Rhombic announced a six weeks feasibility study being produced by three major computer corporations on the applications and economic viability of Rhombic's diamond technology.
The Nuclid Battery The nuclid battery which is a more advanced version of the nuclear battery, owned 100% by Rhombic Corporation, produces energy from the breakdown of unstable isotopes of a number of basic elements such as Krypton, Strontium, and Cesium. The battery's single purpose is to provide a generation or more of constant energy for both manned and unmanned space flights to nearby planets and eventually outer space.
Dr. Reinhard Hopfl of Germany, represented Rhombic Corporation's nuclid battery at the Geneva, Switzerland June 12-14, 1999 summit meeting of International Computer and Communications. Initial contacts have been made among the top producers of satellites during the IC&C summit. The Russian Academy of Sciences was among new members being sponsored. Rhombic Corporation soon will have the honor of being considered as a member.
Special Update - On April 9, 1999 a special report was released on the Nuclid Battery which stated, "Recent planning among the Russian and German co-inventors of the Rhombic Radio Nuclid Battery (Dust Plasma Battery) includes information about extensive experiments by the Russian Academy of Sciences with anticipated new runs on the MIR Space Station.
Members of the forthcoming International Space Laboratory, after docking its third module, and scheduling astronauts for the year 2000, will provide a priority experiment in space to be performed by the Rhombic Dust plasma Battery.
The last experiments in the MIR space station were continued throughout January 1999, and are still being evaluated at present. One of the first experiments in the manned flight in early 2000 will be on dust plasmas. A Russian team will cooperate in the experiment with a team from the Max Plank Institute in Germany.
Dr. Heinrich Hora, representing Rhombic Corporation, recently initiated contact with the International Computer and Communication Corporation (IC&C) in Reston, Virginia in order to promote the Battery for use in the low orbital communication satellites being launched in the near future to accommodate the quickly expanding cellular and internet business. Large-scale development and mass production of the Battery may necessitate the involvement of a large satellite company or a consortium of them. Doctor Hora's contacts with communication companies, in particular IC&C, may help Rhombic in these developments.
Dr. Hora's latest report indicates that the much lighter weight and lesser cost of Rhombic's Super Compact Battery may prove essential to reduce the projected cost of the first 400 satellites into space. Former vice president of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Dr. Vladimir Fortov, lately reported to Dr. Hora that there has been "extensive progress" of work on the SRB with dust plasmas.
Diamond Flywheel Battery In May 1997, Rhombic Corporation acquired a method for storing large amounts of electrical energy for both portable and fixed applications. The acquisition, named "The Diamond Electromechanical Battery" with a patent application in Germany, is a specialized variation of the high-velocity flywheel technology for its first-time use of diamond layers as a flywheel reinforcement. Rhombic was selected to develop the diamond flywheel battery by a team of German and American inventors because of the company's intensive involvement in forced diffusion.
Rhostar.com and the Rhombic Explorer RhoStar.com will offer an innovative online distribution channel for software and information products. Their mission is to provide product developers and consumers with new and more powerful relationships and will offer a qualitatively distinct method for achieving rapid results A spinoff of Rhombic Corporation, RhoStar.com is in the planning stages to be an online distribution channel offering product developers a self-selecting means to achieve faster market penetration. The customers will become the distribution channel and each party will benefit. Initial products for this distribution channel will include the Rhombic Explorer.
The Rhombic Explorer will make life easier for millions of Internet users. It will also make thousands of organizations more efficient and productive because the Rhombic Explorer will provide a powerful tool for gathering information automating the painstaking and tedious process of manual web surfing. The Rhombic Explorer will accomplish this by giving consumers and organizations a new set of capabilities.
The Rhostar website is now under construction and may be viewed at rhostar.com. Overview of the Software The Rhombic Explorer will automate Web searching, the most commonplace and time wasting task performed on the Internet. This task has only been possible for a few years so the opportunity to automate it has only now emerged. The Rhombic Explorer integrates familiar design principles from other kinds of software, making it easy to use and to understand. It provides new powers and tremendous convenience and timesaving to every individual and every organization that uses the World Wide Web. It is a new type of software, with all the potential that statement implies.
Individual Benefits include: * Automates a slow, manual task * Uses off peak hours * Prevents redundant searching * Provides condensed versions of sites * Reduction of online charges * Corporate Benefits * Reduced staff costs. Employees are freed to perform other tasks. * Improved staff productivity * Reduced communication costs. Queries can be consolidated and executed at the most cost effective times and dates. * Central coordination of searches for improved efficiency and supervision * Elimination of duplicate searches * Accelerated response when queries yield sites already searched. Instead of downloading and scanning a site, taking many minutes, the database constructs a response in seconds. * Automated construction and maintenance of a corporate knowledge base
Millions of individuals and knowledge workers spend more time surfing the Web than on any other Internet activity. 72% of Internet users surf the web at least once a day, 41% 6-10 hours a week. Searching the Web is fun, but it is also a slow, painstaking and inefficient manual process. The fun wears off, but the work remains. Studies of Internet usage by SunSoft and others reveal harried workers racing through web pages under deadlines, scanning rather than reading web copy, missing most of the available information for research tasks, and duplicating their own searches and those of their co-workers. The costs and waste are enormous. Individual users suffer the same frustration and inconvenience. Stymied by slow response times and frequent dropouts during peak usage hours, many North American users do their Web research in the small hours of the morning, when they should be sleeping, or after getting up very early. This leads to increased fatigue and stress, and a host of secondary health and productivity effects in the workplace.
The Rhombic Explorer solves these problems neatly. It provides an easy, convenient way to automate manual work. The benefits provided to individuals are multiplied when used by organizations. The Rhombic Explorer is a new class of software that creates a vast new market. Powerful cost/benefit justifications open up the corporate and government markets.
FaxKey The FaxKey will be a compact, simple device to send, store and receive secure facsimile documents without demanding any action beyond the insertion of a key. Both the sender and the receiver are freed from the need to key in pass codes or instruction sequences. The security provided would be equivalent to that provided by more complex protocols without demanding error-prone extra steps. The competitive advantage of this design lies in its ability to offer convenient and flexible security at low cost. The FaxKey will be a separate device, able to operate with any fax. The only connection to the fax unit would be a short length of phone line. Power requirements will be small because the FaxKey design will employ low power chipsets like those in palmtop or laptop computers. No power cord is required because it will draw power from the phone jack (as standard telephones do). The FaxKey would be a simpler device than a computer, with a low parts count. When not encrypting, decrypting, or storing secure faxes the FaxKey will act as a passive buffer, taking no action. The FaxKey will offer the option of storing printout faxes if the connecting fax unit is unavailable, for example when connected to a personal computer, which may be turned off or removed.
Equity Financing On January 11, 1999, Rhombic announced the completion of a $300,000 504 financing through a group of its current shareholders of 2 million shares at 15 cents. The $300,000 has been put in trust, to be used exclusively for Rhombic to open its Diamond Forced diffusion facility in Columbia, Missouri. Rhombic has established a Finance Committee to approve budgets and allocate the appropriate funds for the Missouri plant and any other major expenditures.
Kathy Knight-McConnell Investor to Investor investortoinvestor.com
Disclaimer: Knight-McConnell Information Retrieval Service and Investor to Investor Newsletter is not nor does it claim to be a licensed stock broker, analyst or financial advisor. This service and newsletter has been set up strictly to provide research information. All research information is obtained from sources believed to be reliable. I and my research helpers take no responsibility for decisions made by individual investors based upon information provided. All research is provided for informational purposes only. If in the course of my contact with said company(s) I should be instrumental in providing Internet consultation services or making introductions to other parties who may be in a position to help said companies and it is totally unrelated to my writing about said company(s), it is not beyond the realm of possibility that payment for those particular services might be received. In that event I will make full disclosure. I may on occasion trade shares of stock that I have purchased and am under no obligation to announce all of those trades. However, if I should sell a position due to adverse conditions, I will so inform my readers of that adverse condition so that they may make their own evaluations in that regard. Investor to Investor is a subscription based newsletter. All subscription fees are nominal and cover the costs of research and time spent compiling information on publicly traded companies. The first issue is always free to new subscribers.
NOTE: I have been writing about NUKE since I wrote my first review in the May 1998 issue of Investor to Investor for which I have not been paid nor have I requested payment for that review. I have recently been retained by Pacific Bay Financial to provide services as a market information support systems consultant in regard to the writing of press releases and other documents for Rhombic Corporation. Payment for my services was originally stated to have been 20,000 stock options exercisable at .50. This has been changed to 10,000 shares of stock which has been received for services rendered in connection with the agreement with Pacific Bay Financial. I have not been paid by Rhombic Corporation, any of its directors, officers, or any of its affiliates to provide any services whatsoever to the company itself. |