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Gold/Mining/Energy : Winspear Resources

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To: gg cox who wrote (26722)	9/15/2000 7:04:29 AM
From: E. Charters	Read Replies (2) of 26850

My aunt's diamond jubilee was held in Toronto in 1964. She was the first Nurse (VON) in Ontario to drive an electric car. It's too bad we couldn't supply her at the time with a Canadian diamond to commemorate her accomplishments. Interestingly, she was named after Florence Nightingale. The car was a solid rubber tire, 1500 pound McLaughlin carriage vehicle that used 1000 pounds of lead acid batteries. It's top speed was 25 mph and its extreme range was 20 miles. The tires were solid to reduce rolling friction which is desirable for a vehicle that needs good mileage. She got this car in 1906. She used to park it on the street car tracks at the base of Avenue road and Yorkville and get the car to push her up the hill when the batteries were down. 140 miles is not a great range. Honda will be successful with their hybrid however because it offers high efficiency and good range. A hybrid that uses a steam turbine and uses waste boiler heat to generate electricity directly or uses a gas expansion combustion engine that uses waste heat to generate secondary steam or CHFC expansion AND direct electrical generation, could exceed 55% efficiency The deal is to convert usable energy from heat to motive power. That is presently best achieved in North America by the Hearne steam plant that uses coal to make steam then electric power at about 45% efficiency. To charge batteries with this drops you below 40%. Present gasoline and diesel engines are about 15% to 27% efficient. Diesels generate torque more efficiently because of their long stroke and higher heat combustion. The long stroke causes more complete burning and greater leverage. This allows better fuel use when accelerating. Paradoxically, such engines are vastly more efficient when accelerating under load or "lugging"; not when running at constant speed. This is because the metering of fuel is not well rationed in a constant volume intake or combustion chamber at speed where fuel is not needed in great quantities. If the air expansion or Carnot cycle engine could use its energy more efficiently mechanically by attaining a higher heat, during the standard same-heat expansion cycle (power stroke) AND use the waste heat with a secondary (steam) generator AND/OR a triple or more increasing-size expander-piston system AND use more waste heat to generate directly THEN we would have an efficient hybrid system that would beat plug-in charging. Then we could find diamond mines with relative ease. :) 24.43.25.216 mailto:echarters@primus.ca EC<:-}

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