Ramsey's China article from March 7 translated: (report on how thorough the decision was for China to go with 2G CDMA) tech.china.com
We also should otherwise develop CDMA (1)
" Chinese computer newspaper " in Li 2001-03-05 09:46:15
After CDMA passes through several twists and turns, finally starts off again...
Center the League of Nations passes the CDMA network construction, the fermentation
already long time, receives everywhere attention. This item arrangement stage the and so
on resources investigation work officially has yesterday started. Within this year this
network must complete covers national 200 above important cities, network scale amounts
to above 13300000 households. Center the League of Nations passes the expression, must
cause it to become in world most greatly best CDMA network.
But facing is turbulent but to the 3g big tide, the very many people unable to restrain to have
to ask, this CDMA was not comes the late spot? We now also have the necessity develop
it?
The CDMA technology although is born comparatively late, but because in technology has
uniquely place, in North America, South America and Korea obtained the widespread use.
These technical superiority mainly display in the frequency spectrum use factor are high,
the capacity are big, cover and so on the characteristic broadly, may massively reduce
invests and reduces the operation cost, deeply favours for the operation business.
Moreover, the CDMA handset emissive power is low, has fine reputation the green
handset, in the people generally worries the handset electromagnetic radiation influence
good health under the situation, lets the user 心动. But, the CDMA network and the GSM
network with is 2 generation of technical the narrow band networks, within 3 years face to
3 generation of networks transformations, if the association passes cannot in short-time
inside attract the enough many users, then faces takes back with difficulty invests to
awkward 境地.
Uses the limited frequency resources
While our country mobile communication market high speed expansion, should fully consider
and treasure the frequency resources which mobile communication Lai Yi survives. But,
the frequency is the special resources which cannot be regenerated. Although says from
the logic, we may do not have the limit to the high end development frequency resources,
but, 通信ç†è®º tells us, the frequency is higher, the economical price is bigger, the technology
is difficult to go past high, and holds true by thinks this kind of growth is one kind of
non-linear growth relations. We should in no way in under the not full value present
frequency band spectrum efficiency situation, how also discusses develops and uses the
new frequency band.
Said, today one technical service pattern difference root is how uses precious frequency
resources question. Similarly is the voice service which serves for one user, uses 800MHz
the frequency band the second generation of CDMA system price without doubt is lower
than uses 2gHz the frequency band the third generation CDMA system price, this is the
technical fact which does not struggle. Our any reason has not thought our country mobile
communication the first 80000000 users (account for total population 6%) the main use
voice service, provides the service by the second generation of system, but the later
previous hundred million several hundred million users actually mainly will even be supposed
take the data and the multimedia service as the focus, will provide the service by the third
generation system. The motion user needs the service type is not possible by the age
division. In from now on the quite long time, the overwhelming majority migration user's
motion business volume mainly will be the voice service. The telecommunication industry
until now more than 100 years still did not have the change from the telephone invention
take the voice service as the mainstream, this as if how many to our some enlightenment.
In order to open the operation market preparation
The operation market opening is the question which now the telecommunication most cares
about. Supposed the operation market foreign opened, at the appointed time if motion user
completely locates one or in two GSM net, inevitably will cause our country CDMA
research development and the industry loses the market demand stimulates develops slowly.
Even if is China develops oneself the third generation system to 2003, also is is unable with
the overseas process long-term research and has the rich operation experience the system
directly contends with.
Under this kind of situation, once the operation market is open, the overseas strength
formidable operation business certainly can use their advanced CDMA system rapidly to
unfold in China one huge CDMA net, but by now our CDMA system commercial also was
at the primary stage. Therefore, may imagine, by now our country mobile communication
user market will basically is seized by the overseas operation business, buys in in 2003 later
the nearly all motion user. At the same time, our country GSM user will have the possibility
gradually " jumps the net ", the GSM user had on the possibility flower several hundred
Yuan even several ten Yuan turns the overseas CDMA operation business user, specially
the month speech spent in 500 Yuan above big è¯åŠ¡é‡ user. Overseas already had even
several American dollars in this aspect enters the net the instance. Specially is worth paying
attention, because the CDMA technical superiority (for instance under same service area
radius condition, CDMA handset average emissive power far is lower than the GSM
handset), therefore may forecast, will change the CDMA system from the GSM system "
jumps the net " the user is one batch of business volumes big households, will have the
substantive influence to the GSM operation business income.
If we now develop the CDMA market, opens after the operation market cannot occupy
only has GSM the passive aspect, moreover studies the development and the system
domestic product to our country is the powerful market impetus.
In the near future still take the voice service as heavy
The third generation with the second generation of mobile communication system service
main difference is the support high speed data airborne connection channel, 从ç†è®ºä¸Šè®², may
provide the speed reaches as high as 2mbps, such as the multimedia service and the
Internet service service. But these two kind of services, at present the not full reason thinks
will be the future mobile communication main service.
The third generation mobile communication technology proposes the background is, Europe
specially is Japan hopes gets out of high passes the company the patent restraint, re- divides
the world mobile communication market share.
Looking from the equipment classification, the mobile communication system product
includes the terminal device and the network equipment. The network equipment market
space basically is by the rate of increment decision, but the terminal device market space
decides by two factors: One is every year moves the user the growth number, two was
every year has had the user the renewal rate. In these users, the main service is the voice.
But from provides the voice service the angle looks, the second generation does not have
the user with the third generation to be allowed the sensation difference, therefore will be
unnecessary for 80000000 later voice user introduction third generation systems. If mainly
provides the voice service with the third generation system for the user, what policy then
the fees question is. If provides with the second generation of system similar service and
the charge with the third generation, inevitably will increase the operation department the
operation cost, causes difficulty which will continue to develop. If the similar service
different charge, inevitably will create the competition the inferiority, specially in under
operation market foreign opening condition.
Liked standing the letter recently from high passes purchases the IS-95 standard handset
technology and high passes 基站 the system enterprise department. This indicates, although
likes standing the letter vigorously publicizes the third generation, but it also hope holds the
share in the second generation of market, also the goal market cannot be Europe. What
reason but does China also have must use the third generation to provide the basic voice
service which the second generation originally should provide?
If our country main migration service is the voice class, then 80000000 users are the
80MHz frequencies, equally is 1000000 users /1mHz, if puts out 1/4 frequency develops
CDMA, then 20MHz CDMA will hold approximately 80000000 users, other 60MHz
frequency will hold 60000000 users, the grand total is 140000000 users. If develops in GSM
to 40000000 o'clock other frequencies uses in CDMA, then the similar frequency will hold
200000000 users (in 2010 goal). But regarding has the initial period data service demand the
minority user says, the low speed channel is may be competent, because the data service
bottleneck is not completely decides by the airborne connection.
In domestic, although third generation's discussion is very hot, but the very many enterprises
all hope solidly studies IS-95 the realization question. The reason is very simple, one will be
IS-95 is the future any CDMA system important foundation, two will be third generation's
standard does not have completely to finalize. At present domestic several have the
strength the enterprise is being engaged in IS-95 the research development work, and has
promoted the complete set, may the commercial system equipment.
Ahead of time solves third generation's intellectual property rights
Talks about the third generation mobile communication the intellectual property rights,
completely some sufficient reasons think, the overwhelming majority related CDMA aspect
intellectual property rights in fact is the second generation of CDMA system intellectual
property rights.
Through the research analysis, in the second generation of CDMA system power control
and the soft cut was in past any communications system no brand-new technology, but the
third generation CDMA system suggested actually did not have any to have such
characteristic the new technology. Said from this significance, solves the second generation
of CDMA intellectual property rights problem in fact also solves the third generation
CDMA main intellectual property rights problem.
Korea is one very good illustration. Specially is worth paying attention, in the CDMA
question, we excessively emphasized the intellectual property rights question. Looking from
the near for 20 year our country telecommunication equipment domestic product course, all
is first uses the overseas chip in own system, then develops oneself the chip. The
switchboard is this, SDH is this, GSM is this, can't CDMA why only like this? Real only has
the CDMA chip has the intellectual property rights question?
In the CDMA aspect, USA and Korea already gradually from IS-9C5A, walked IS-9C5b,
and the IS-2000 standard vote version already formulated completes, this in fact was the
cdma2000 suggestion implementation edition. In other words, others already with steady
steps walked in the standard the third generation, and looked from the IS-95 foundation, the
standard and the product only had 1 ~ 2 years disparity, in other words, IS-2000 (namely
third generation) will become the commercial system in 2000 year's end or at the beginning
of 2001. How but do we actually continuously also one step jump in the in-situ tentative plan
from the second generation the intellectual property rights which avoids to the third
generation high passes. Obviously, such strategy is not right.
Up to now, China the basic strategy which adopts in the mobile communication aspect is
tightly does not pursue the shed way, others studies second generation of time us studies the
second generation, when starts fries does the third generation, we again blindly thinks
stands identically in with others starts running on-line, is not steps up the second generation
of research development, instead discusses whether discards the second generation hurries
to organize the third generation the research development. This is not appropriate. This
looks like us all may stand with the king armed force rosy cloud in identical starts running
on-line, but is not possible and she simultaneously arrives the end point is one truth.
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