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Politics : Formerly About Applied Materials

AMAT 249.89

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Nov 26 3:59 PM EST

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To: Katherine Derbyshire who wrote (45999)	4/28/2001 10:00:24 PM
From: pgerassi	Read Replies (2) of 70976

Dear Kathrine Derbyshire: Re:"I hate to nitpick, but neither woodburning stoves nor dams convert matter into energy. In wood, oxidation (a chemical reaction) releases the energy stored in carbon-carbon bonds. The number of atoms of carbon and oxygen after the reaction precisely equals the number before the reaction. The amount of energy before and after is the same, too." Answer: Wrong! Ten carbon atoms are a tiny bit more massive than the sum mass of all ten connected by carbon-carbon bonds. This connected mass plus twenty oxygen atoms with oxygen-oxygen bonds is slightly more massive than all ten CO2 molecules atoms connected by carbon-oxygen bonds. It is this mass decrease that converts to the energy released. When water falls it converts potential energy into kinetic energy. If this energy is bled off, the mass of the water, planet, and the associated gravity field actually decreases by the energy released. This same effect causes tiny black holes to be white (first postulated by Stephen Hawking). The easy way is to look at all matter as energy period. Einstein showed us that you can look at a system where you can convert all of the energy to mass and vice versa without changing essentially what happens. The mass of wood and air prior to burning is higher than the mass of ash and combustion gases. The difference in mass is the energy lost in the process. If done in a completely isolated chamber, all of the mass is still there in the kinetic energy in the gases produced and the temperature increase of the ash. Mass or energy is not lost but one can be converted to the other, thus, the proportions change but not the sum of both. I hope this sets you straight. Pete

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