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Technology Stocks : Ballard Power -world leader zero-emission PEM fuel cells
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To: peter dumbrille who wrote (5435)5/17/2001 2:03:20 AM
From: CH4   of 5827
 
National Energy Technology Laboratory : Geologic Sequestration

GOALS: Work with academia and industry in the near term to take
advantage of value-added geologic sequestration opportunities. Obtain
improved scientific understanding of CO2 storage in a wide range of geologic
formations to ensure its environmental acceptability.

There are certain underground geologic
formations that have structure, porosity,
and other properties that make them ideal
CO2 storage sites. These are structures
that have stored crude oil, natural gas,
brine, and CO2 over millions of years.

Long-term storage of CO2 in underground
geologic formations has the potential to
be viable in the near-term. Many power
plants and other large point sources of CO2 emissions are located near geologic
formations that are amenable to CO2 storage. Further, in many cases injection of CO2
into a geologic formation can enhance the recovery of oil and gas which can offset the
cost of CO2 capture.

The use of CO2 to enhance oil and gas recovery is a common industrial practice. In
the year 2000 in the United States, 34 million tons of CO2 were injected underground
as a part of enhanced oil recovery (EOR) and coal bed methane recovery (E-CBM)
operations. This is approximately equivalent to the CO2 emissions from 6 million cars
in one year. Research and development in this area will move the technology forward
to make it applicable to a wider range of formations.

Saline formations do not contain oil and gas resources and thus do not offer the
value-added benefit of enhanced hydrocarbon production. However, the potential CO2
storage capacity of domestic saline formations is huge; estimates are on the order of
several hundred years of CO2 emissions.

The primary goal of research in this area is to understand the behavior of CO2 when
stored in geologic formations so that CO2 can be stored in a manner that is secure
and environmentally acceptable. The fastest and surest way to obtain the needed
understanding is to conduct field tests where a small amount of CO2 is injected into a
formation and its fate and transport are monitored carefully. The program has initiated
several such field tests. These tests will provide industry with tools and methods that
measure the movement of CO2 in underground formations. They will also provide field
protocols that preserve the integrity of the geologic formation.

Interactive Geologic Sequestration Model
To view geologic sequestration in action, click here to
save the executable file to your desktop or run it from
its location. Once model is displayed, select the
interactive choices in the left hand corner to display
how CO2 concentrations will change over time..

netl.doe.gov ... lots more really cool stuff on Carbon Sequestration Website
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