In China GPRS would be killed by MII planned low SAR=1 radiation std. CDMA would be strongly favored.
First
CHINA MII SAYS IT PLANS TO GO WITH SAR=<1 WHICH IS QUITE LOW COMPARED WITH
EUROPE's SAR=<2 anf the US's SAR=<1.6
China Proposes to Enact Strictest Mobile Phone Radiation Standard
library.northernlight.com.
Story Filed: Monday, April 29, 2002 6:55 AM EST
CHINA, Apr 29, 2002 (AsiaPort via COMTEX) -- The mobile phone radiation's
affects on human was under the
observing and researching, and had no complete scientific conclusion. Currently, SAR
(Specific Absorption Rate) was
international widely employed standard.
Lately, China Ministry of Information Industry held the working conference for mobile
phone radiation standard.
According to the testing results, the newly marketed mobile phone's radiation was
reduced greatly. Meanwhile, China
Ministry of Information Industry expressed that China would enact the strictest mobile
phone radiation standard in the
world.
According to the introduction, in the actual telecommunicating process, GSM mobile
phone and CDMA mobile phone
could not always emit at most power, especially CDMA mobile phone, which emitted
at ordinary rate.
Chinese mobile phone radiation standard was lowest in the world, the SAR of
European standard was 2W, American
standard was 1.6W, the new standard of China would be 1W.
The MMF (Mobile Manufacturers Forum) expressed that Chinese new standard
would impact at least three aspects in
Chinese mobile phone telecommunication field, which were that 1, the reduction of
emission power of base station must
demand for more base stations, 2, the reduction of emission power of mobile phone
would in turn affect the quality of
commination, 3, the mobile phone manufactured in China would not be suitable for
export.
The MMF is an international association of radio equipment manufacturers whose
members include Alcatel, Ericsson,
Mitsubishi Electric, Motorola, Nokia, Panasonic, Philips, Siemens and Sony.
The MMF was established to support further independent scientific research and to
provide authoritative information to
governments, standard-setting bodies and consumers on mobile communications and
health issues.
From Source: Zhongguo Shiyou Bao page 2, Thursday, April 25, 2002
info@AsiaPort.Com 150
Second.
Ben Garrett's comments on effect of China setting SAR=1
Message 17402305
re: China's proposed Mobile Phone Radiation Standard
==========
Interesting article.
If enacted, it would clearly pose a liability to the China GSM/GPRS market. The very market, (coincidentaly?) that is
controlled by foreign interests...
If enacted, it would - certainly from MII's perception - advantage cdma2000 interests... the "green" technology, and
China vendors.
*** And it would be of profound damage to Mobile, if MII were sincere in planning a Mobile gprs push to counter
Unicom.
"The MMF (Mobile Manufacturers Forum) expressed that Chinese new standard would impact at least three aspects
in Chinese mobile phone telecommunication field, which were that 1, the reduction of emission power of base station
must (increase) demand for more base stations, 2, the reduction of emission power of mobile phone would in turn
affect the quality of communation, 3, the mobile phone manufactured in China would not be suitable for export."
Aspects #1 and 2 are structural gsm/gprs problems.
Aspect #3 is telling. Is the MMF seriously suggesting that handset SARs can be too low for successful export? Or do
they betray that handsets meeting the criteria would be performance limited to the point that there would be no market?
If China enacts SAR 1W, then MII is not serious about gprs, and Mobile will have to seek an alternate mode for
evolution to 3G.
Third
Jeff Vayda's Comments on implications of Chana setting SAR=1
Message 17402399
BG: Very telling article indeed. We in the west must continually remind ourselves that in China, the government is running
the show. The companies are all fronts for state mandated policies. This article is yet another example on how the state is
determined to rid itself of the excessive foreign (European) control of the telephony industry. Each article and each action
reinforces this to the locals as well. The government plants the seed now so that they can harvest it later.
I am convinced that Mobile will go CDMA. They must due to capacity concerns. They must due to cap ex concerns.
They must due to capability concerns. They must due to the miserable track record of heritage WCDMA producers.
They must because of nationalistic concerns.
Looks like a strong hand to me.
Jeff Vayda
Fourth
Previous article as evidence of MOT's difficulty Making GPRS perform satisfactorily without exceeding radiation limits.
MOT Stonewalls on GPRS Radiation Safety Issue
news.zdnet.co.uk
Motorola backtracks on GPRS safety concerns
10:13 Friday 27th October 2000
Richard Barry
Motorola says New Scientist report on GPRS radiation
safety was wrong but declines to explain why
Mobile manufacturer Motorola is backtracking on recent comments by its
spokesman suggesting that GPRS, the high-speed successor to GSM,
might have to be made slower in order to stay within radiation absorption
guidelines.
Motorola marketing manager Rainer Lischetzki recently told New Scientist
that implementing GPRS at the speeds its marketing division has hyped --
between 27Kbps and 86Kbps -- could cause a phone to overheat. He also
said such speeds could push a phone's microwave radiation beyond
European guidelines on the energy that can be absorbed by the brain.
But Motorola now
says the New
Scientist report was at
fault, claiming that
Lischetzki is not
"qualified" to discuss
GPRS issues despite
the fact that he is
Motorola's technical
marketing manager
for GPRS.
ZDNet's request for an
interview with Lischetzki
was refused. According
to Motorola's director of
communications Mark Durrant the company is not prepared to risk
"another inaccurate report".
Instead Motorola has issued as statement conceding that: "Whilst the
initial GPRS phones that enter the market may not operate at their highest
theoretical data speeds, that fact is not related to the issues raised by New
Scientist." Motorola offers no explanation about why higher speeds will not
be available.
However the Department of Trade and Industry (DTI) confirmed that higher
speeds could be potentially dangerous. "It is conceivable that GPRS
devices... could produce exposures above the levels specified in the
Council Recommendation," said a DTI spokesman.
Simon Mann, technical spokesman for the National Radiological
Protection Board (NRPB) agrees, saying that although mobile
manufacturers will have to observe regulations governing the emissions
from mobile phones, it is "entirely feasible" that some GPRS mobiles,
particularly those at the top end of the market, could tip over the [emission]
limits".
The issue revolves around whether or not GPRS mobile phones will
operate at the speeds mobile manufacturers are touting. Typically GPRS
mobiles are hyped as transferring data at around three to five times faster
than current mobiles, although consensus suggests these speeds are
exaggerated.
Analogue mobile phones have a transmitter which is on all the time when
making a call, with one phone having exclusive use of one radio channel.
GSM phones share channels, with up to eight phones taking it in turns to
transmit short bursts of data on a single channel. This means that although
a GSM phone has a maximum power output of two watts, in practice it
transmits an eighth of that -- quarter of a watt, maximum. This can and
frequently is reduced still further.
To save battery life and to increase the number of phones that can be
handled by the system, the mobile's power is automatically adjusted to the
minimum necessary to keep a reliable link with the base station.
GPRS uses exactly the same system, but to increase the amount of data
transferred a phone can use more than one slot. Thus a three-slot GPRS
link, carrying around 30 to 40kbps, will use a maximum of three-quarters of
a watt. This is roughly the same as an analogue phone used for a single
voice call, but as with GSM the power levels will often be lower than the
maximum especially in areas with a high density of base stations or a low
density of buildings.
Average power levels are further reduced by GPRS being a packet-based
system -- the transmitter is only on when data is being sent and is idle
otherwise. A file transfer from the phone to the base station will make the
transmitter work at full tilt -- keystrokes or Web browsing will only fire up the
transmitter occasionally, reducing the average power output to a few
milliwatts.
When ZDNet eventually got to speak with Lischetzki, he said confusion
over what speeds GPRS would actually run at were damaging both for
Motorola and for the mobile industry in general and that his comments
about the safety of GPRS mobiles were misconstrued. He offers no
clarification on theses comments.
Motorola's refusal to answer questions was condemned by the
Consumers' Association. "Given the concern among consumers about
health issues and mobile phones, I think Motorola's actions are unhelpful,"
said a spokeswoman. She added: "Clarity is needed on these issues. It's
a topic of concern for many consumers." |
