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Technology Stocks : NUKO INFORMATION SYSTEMS
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To: kolo55 who wrote (2463)7/18/1997 5:10:00 AM
From: Peter R Smith   of 3509
 
Latency is a term applied to many different processes, basically it means DELAY.

As you may, or may not, know MPEG is a bitstream where a full frame is sent then interpolative frame is sent. The I frame basically only has changes in it so considerable bandwidth is saved (thus compression is born).

If you start to look say 12 frames ahead during the encoding process and you are sending 24 frames per second, then basically there is a 1/2 sec delay between analouge video going in and MPEG bitstream coming out.

Latency can be minimised by smart encoding and oftem more importantly smart bitstream multiplexing (I believe NUKO are good at this!).

JITTER is another term you will hear, it basically refers to changes in the latency of a bitstream transmission i.e. if I have three bitstreams A B and C and cells are flying along as below

AABCCBAAABCAACCBBCCABBBAC

Then you can see that frames from each bitstream will not arrieve in a perfectly timed sequence. The maximum Jitter acceptable will depend on the type of video being sent (IE action or slow chagnes in image)

ATM networks by their very nature introduce a certain ammount of jitter, but this can be overcome with good buffering at each end and smart multiplexing.

Regards Peter Smith
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