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Technology Stocks : Cisco Systems, Inc. (CSCO)
CSCO 73.42-2.4%Jan 20 3:59 PM EST

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To: GVTucker who wrote (64053)5/15/2003 11:04:11 AM
From: rkral  Read Replies (1) of 77400
 
OT ... GVTucker, re "Black Scholes does not estimate future values."

I usually agree 100% with your posts .. but not this time.

The Black-Scholes option value model is based on calculating the option value *at expiration* using known stock and exercise prices, and an estimate of the future price volatility of the stock.

Mathematically, a log-normal probability density function of stock prices .. is multiplied by the profit/loss graph (profile) of the option *at expiration* .. and the result is integrated .. giving a mathematical equation for the expected option value *at expiration*.

That equation is then modified to take both risk-free interest rates and dividends into consideration. Of course, estimates must be made here too.

In applying the modified equation to employee stock options, a reduced option life (rather than the typical 10 years) is estimated.

Regards, Ron
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