PRESIDENT GEORGE W. BUSH Message Board

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Politics : PRESIDENT GEORGE W. BUSH

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To: Sidney Reilly who wrote (415433)	6/17/2003 10:11:28 AM
From: TigerPaw	Read Replies (1) of 769667

You are referring to the second law of thermodynamics which describes entropy as a function of time. Hawkings has shown that even if the expansion of the universe is halted by gravitational pressures, the resulting collapse would still be increasingly disordered (and hot). It is generally accepted that the highest point of order ;-) was when the universe consisted of a singularity at the instant of the big bang. There is not yet a complete explanation of that instant. Since that time the universe has rapidly become less ordered. Pockets of increasing order can be found, especially when there is a mechanism for copying and selecting ordered sequences such as the process we call life. Hawking wrote on this topic for Scientific American. brembs.net <font color=purple>We do not know how DNA molecules first appeared. The chances against a DNA molecule arising by random fluctuations are very small. .... The early appearance of life on Earth suggests that there's a good chance of the spontaneous generation of life in suitable conditions. Maybe there was some simpler form of organisation which built up DNA. Once DNA appeared it would have been so successful that it might have completely replaced the earlier forms. We don't know what these earlier forms would have been. One possibility is RNA. This is like DNA but rather simpler and without the double helix structure. </font> Some parts of the article, especially the Anthromorphic principal, are relevant to the origin of the universe, and not just the origin of life. <font color=purple>One can apply the Anthropic Principle in either its Strong or Weak versions.For the Strong Anthropic Principle one supposes that there are many different universes each with different values of the physical constants. In a small number the values will allow the existence of objects like carbon atoms that can act as the building blocks of living systems. Since we must live in one of these universes we should not be surprised that the physical constants are finely tuned. If they weren't we wouldn't be here. .... Instead, I shall adopt what is known as the Weak Anthropic Principle. That is, I shall take the values of the physical constants as given. But I shall see what conclusions can be drawn from the fact that life exists on this planet at this stage in the history of the universe. </font> TP

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