Also in preclinical stage is Elan . . .
>>Int J Pharm. 2004 Jan 28;269(2):523-7.
Administration of an insulin powder to the lungs of cynomolgus monkeys using a Penn Century insufflator.
Grainger CI, Alcock R, Gard TG, Quirk AV, van Amerongen G, de Swart RL, Hardy JG.
Elan Drug Delivery, 1 Mere Way, NG11 6JS, Nottingham, UK
A powder formulation of live-attenuated measles vaccine is being developed for administration to the lungs. The safety and efficacy of the powder will be assessed by insufflation into cynomolgus monkeys. A Penn Century insufflator has been evaluated for powder dosing to the monkeys using an insulin formulation having similar physicochemical characteristics to the vaccine powder. Insulin pharmacokinetics were compared following dosing by powder insufflation, solution instillation into the trachea and subcutaneous injection. The insulin dosed to the lungs and trachea was more rapidly absorbed than that administered subcutaneously. Insulin bioavailability was greater from the inhaled powder than from the instilled solution. The findings confirm that the Penn Century device is suitable for vaccine powder dosing to the deep lung.<<
penncentury.com
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