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Microcap & Penny Stocks : 10-Bagger MINIMUM Rise from July 1, 2005 until December 31,
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To: Jill who wrote (693)10/26/2005 11:12:51 AM
From: Walkingshadow  Read Replies (1) of 1694
 
Well, the spirochete is detected by TLR2, but it is not that simple. First of all, TLR2 KO mice are not protected. Second, TLR2 absolutely depends upon MyD88, a downstream adaptor. If you delete MyD88, you prevent efficient processing and clearance of the organism, but inflammation persists anyway.

This makes a lot of sense actually, because inflammation proceeds down two general pathways (one dependent upon MyD88, the other not dependent). These same sorts of results have been seen with defense against other unrelated organisms that are detected by totally different TLRs, e.g. chlamydia.

The story about "Toll!" is very true. The way it happened was that she (Christiane Nüsslein-Volhard at the Max Planck Institute in Tübingen) was looking at embryological development and how that is affected by particular mutations in fruit flies. The flies who had a genetic mutation involving the gene that later became known as Toll produced embryos that were kind of warped and misshapen. So, when she saw those embryos under the microscope, her spontaneous comment was "Das war ja toll!" which in German means "That was weird!"

That was 1985, and the genes and what they do were not worked out until much later....really it was 1998 when it was finally realized that these genes (Toll being the first of a family later identified) had something to do with immunity.

The fact that they are needed for immune protection in fruit flies tells you they are very ancient genes, since fruit flies are very old.

T
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