There were Arabs living in Palestine at this time, but they numbered less than 400,000. Even after the end of WWI, there were fewer than 1.6M living on both banks of the Jordan and in Western Palestine, combined.
You grow more disappointing by the day.
First of all, Palestine is the size of New Jersey so even at a population of 400k, assuming that is right which I doubt, that's a fairly dense population. However, your number at the end of WWI, of whom the vast majority were Arabs, insures that densities were fairly high at least by that time, and suggests that the population was higher than 400k in Palestine during the latter part of the 19th century. As for Mark Twain, if he wanted to see more people, he should have gone to the Arab cities of Jaffa, Haifa and Jerusalem.....while they were small, they were considered cities and had rather high density levels.
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