From:
Ferroelectricity in Highly Ordered Arrays of Ultra-Thin-Walled Pb(Zr,Ti)O3 Nanotubes Composed of Nanometer-Sized Perovskite Crystallites
Jongok Kim,† Sun A Yang,† Yong Chan Choi,† Jin Kyu Han,† Keum Ok Jeong,† Yong Ju Yun,‡ Dong Jik Kim,§ Sang Mo Yang,§ Doohee Yoon,? Hyeonsik Cheong,? Ki-Seog Chang,? Tae Won Noh,§ and Sang Don Bu*†
Department of Physics, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Korea, Division of Advanced Technology, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Daejeon 305-600, Korea, FPRD & ReCOE, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-747, Korea, Department of Physics, Sogang University, Seoul 121-742, Korea, and Department of Chemistry, Korea Air Force Academy, Cheongwon 363-849, Korea
Received January 24, 2008
Revised April 8, 2008
We report the first unambiguous ferroelectric properties of ultra-thin-walled Pb(Zr,Ti)O3 (PZT) nanotube arrays, each with 5 nm thick walls and outer diameters of 50 nm. Ferroelectric switching behavior with well-saturated hysteresis loops is observed in these ferroelectric PZT nanotubes with Pr and Ec values of about 1.5 µC cm-2 and 86 kV cm-1, respectively, for a maximum applied electric field of 400 kV cm-1. These PZT nanotube arrays (1012 nanotubes cm-2) might provide a competitive approach toward the development of three-dimensional capacitors for the terabyte ferroelectric random access memory.
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