Hi Jim, here's some data from a report I have:
Using a MIPS32-24KEc core in what was at the time (mid 2006) an advanced handset design, a 3-way VoIP call consumes about 130 DMIPS of the processor's available 490 DMIPS at its top speed of 333MHz (90nm process).
That would probably be in a midrange handset today, and newer cores are 1 or 2 process generations advanced from there, with the high end varieties capable of over 2000 DMIPS and over 1GHz.
As far as power budget, it varies with different classes of mobile devices, but a ball park figure for the processor performing these activities is about 17% of total power consumption, with the display consuming in the mid-20 % area, and the RF front end processing consuming about 30%.
So I think the reason VoIP isn't being talked about as a problem is that it doesn't really tax the capabilities of today's handsets, except maybe the low-budget, low-end types.
As far as a relation between this and WiMAX, HSPA, etc, the VoIP processing all happens 2 or more layers above the RF processing, as a separable module that you can bolt to any physical layer. So it's independent except for the indirect RF-related factors like interference and power level.
Does this all get closer to answering your questions or am I still off on the wrong track?
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