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J Biol Chem. 2013 Sep 4. [Epub ahead of print]
TGF-ß mediated connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) expression in hepatic stellate cells requires Stat3 activation.
Liu Y, Liu H, Meyer C, Li J, Nadalin S, Koenigsrainer A, Weng H, Dooley S, Ten Dijke P.
Heidelberg University, Germany;
In fibrotic liver, connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) is constantly expressed in activated hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) and acts downstream of TGF-ß to modulate extracellular matrix production. Distinct from other cell types in which Smad signaling plays major role in regulating CTGF production, TGF-ß stimulated CTGF expression in activated HSCs is only in part dependent on Smad3. Other signaling molecules like MAPKs and PI3Ks may also participate in this process, and the underlying mechanisms have yet to be clarified. In this study, we report involvement of Stat3 activation in modulating CTGF production upon TGF-ß challenge in activated HSCs. Stat3 is phosphorylated via JAK1 and acts as a critical ALK5 downstream signaling molecule to mediate CTGF expression. This process requires de novo gene transcription and is additionally modulated by MEK1/2, JNK and PI3K pathways. Cell specific knock down of Smad3 partially decreases CTGF production, whereas has no significant influence on Stat3 activation. The total CTGF production induced by TGF-ß in activated HSCs is therefore, to a large extent, dependent on the balance and integration of the canonical Smad3 and Stat3 signaling pathways. |
