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Politics : Formerly About Advanced Micro Devices
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To: Maple MAGA who wrote (1540950)5/31/2025 9:48:27 PM
From: Wharf Rat2 Recommendations

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History of polio vaccination

Salk tested his experimental killed-virus vaccine on himself and his family in 1953, and a year later on 1.6 million children in Canada, Finland and the USA.

The results were announced on 12 April 1955, and Salk’s inactivated polio vaccine (IPV) was licensed on the same day. By 1957, annual cases dropped from 58 000 to 5600, and by 1961, only 161 cases remained.

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Diphtheria: A hundred years ago, the first toxoid vaccine | Institut Pasteur
In 1923, Institut Pasteur scientist Gaston Ramon observed that a precipitate had formed in a recipient containing a toxin and its antitoxin. This was flocculation, a measurable phenomenon used to quantify the neutralization of a toxin by its antitoxin. Gaston Ramon concluded that inoculating a living being with a toxoid would provide immunity from the associated toxin. On December 10, he reported his findings to the French Academy of Sciences.

Canada was one of the first countries to administer toxoids on a large scale. In 1924, under the supervision of Gaston Ramon, the University of Toronto's Connaught Laboratories began producing the diphtheria antitoxin. It was soon made available to the entire Canadian population.
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