TITLE:
Early intervention for persons infected with human
immunodeficiency virus.
AUTHORS:
Branson BM
AUTHOR AFFILIATION:
Division of STD/HIV Prevention, Centers for Disease
Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia 30333, USA.
SOURCE:
Clin Infect Dis. 1995 Apr;20 Suppl 1:S3-22.
SECONDARY SOURCE ID:
MED/95315411
ABSTRACT:
Early intervention for persons infected with human
immunodeficiency virus (HIV) involves characterization of
the stage of HIV disease, institution of therapy to prevent
associated infections and postpone deterioration of immune
function, and assistance in preventing transmission of the
virus. This review examines the available data on the
efficacy of current recommendations regarding the
evaluation and management of persons with early HIV
infection. Existing evidence supports the efficacy of
physical examination, monitoring of the CD4+ cell count,
tuberculin testing (with chemotherapy for persons who test
positive), anergy testing, Papanicolaou testing and
screening for gonorrhea and chlamydial infection (for
high-risk women), screening for syphilis, antiretroviral
therapy (for symptomatic patients), and guidance in
reducing the transmission of HIV. Recommended measures
for which evidence of clinical efficacy is less certain include
immunization against infections due to influenza virus,
Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, and
hepatitis B virus as well as antiretroviral therapy for
asymptomatic persons. Quantitative measurement of viral
titers appears promising for the monitoring of HIV disease
and antiretroviral therapy; the correlations of these titers
with clinical end points need to be confirmed.
MAIN MESH HEADINGS:
HIV Infections/*DIAGNOSIS
HIV Infections/*THERAPY
ADDITIONAL MESH
HEADINGS:
Human
HIV Infections/EPIDEMIOLOGY
HIV Infections/TRANSMISSION
Monitoring, Physiologic
Time Factors
PUBLICATION TYPES:
JOURNAL ARTICLE
REVIEW
REVIEW, TUTORIAL
LANGUAGES:
Eng |
