>>I believe it's HP that is making the AFFX machine.<<
This is from the Yahoo Journal Archive for HWP.
Hewlett-Packard to Build Machines to Analyze Genes
Abstracted from Wall Street Journal 11/21/94
Hewlett-Packard Co (H-P) (Palo Alto, CA) is planning to build a new generation of DNA-sequencing machines. H-P and a subsidiary of Affymax NV will collaborately build the machine for research and potential diagnostic uses. Best known for its computer products, H-P realizes the demand for high-volume gene analysis and the fast growth among scientist and clinicians. Affymetrix (Palo Alto, CA) a unit of Affymax, developed a laser scanner-based method technique for cracking the human-genetic code analysis. H-P will make the scanner for the technique and Affymetrix will produce the disposable chips. World-wide, the market for DNA-sequencing devices is small but growing fast.
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collaborations & agreements: Hewlett-Packard Co.
Abstracted from Genetic Engineering News 12/94
Hewlett-Packard Co (Palo Alto, CA) will jointly develop and market a DNA-analysis system for certain nonclinical applications with Affymetrix Inc (Santa Clara, CA). The companies will use HP's measurement and instrument capabilities and the GeneChip technology of Affymetrix.
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Hewlett-Packard Sets its Sights on the Competitive Biotechnology Arena
Abstracted from Genetic Engineering News 02/15/95
Hewlett-Packard (HP) (Palo Alto, CA) has formed a new division, bioscience products, that bridges the gap between its analytical products and its medical products groups, to provide new instruments to help it address the needs of the biotech market. HP has a good chance of succeeding in the highly competitive area, estimated in the billions of dollars, because of its analytical equipment niche in the research, medical diagnostic and pharmaceutical fields. HP now has 6 divisions, with computers bringing in the most revenue, followed by test and measurement, medical, anaytical, and electronic components, and its revenues came to $25 bil in 1994. In Europe it has 14 manufacturing sites, 16 R&D labs and 145 sales and support offices, giving it a strong presence there. The company is especially focusing on measurement equipment and improving medical diagnostics. In 11/94, it announced a joint development agreement with Affymetrix Inc (Santa Clara, CA) for GeneChip DNA chip manufacturing, which involves using Affymetrix's manufacturing process called very large-scale immobilized polymer synthesis technology. The proceess can make chips that can contain more than 1 mil different DNA probes attached in an area less than 1.28 cm square. HP also recently acquired a product line from BioMolecular Separations Inc (Reno, NV) that gave it a technique called matrix assisted-laser-desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometer, designed for the analysis of large peptides. Article discussed HP's plans in more detail.
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Affymetrix Launches Assay
Abstracted from Genetic Engineering News 11/15/97
Affymetrix Inc (Santa Clara, CA) launched GeneChip cytochrome P450, an assay that was developed with Hewlett-Packard (Palo Alto, CA). The DNA probe-based assay can simultaneously detect 18 known polymorphisms of two human cytochrome P450 genes. The enzymes encoded by P450 genes are critical for research relating to the metabolism of certain therapeutic drugs, including beta blockers, anticonvulsants and antidepressants.
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Gene Chip Technology Ready to Impact Diagnostic Markets
Abstracted from Genetic Engineering News 12/97
Affymetrix Inc and Hewlett-Packard joined together and have introduced the GeneChip cytochrome P450 (CYP450) assay for research applications, the 1st commercially available DNA-probe, array-based assay for the simultaneous detection of 18 known polymorphisms of 2 human cytrochrome P450 genes (2D6 and 2C19). This is just one example of the many partnerships being formed in this new area of botechnology. Gene chip technology provides a rapid method to sequence and analyze genes, and consists of DNA probes formatted on a
microscale plus the instrumentation needed to handle samples, read the reporter molecules, and analyze the data generated from chip arrays. Chip technologies include genes-on-a-chip arrays, which are being developed, besides Affymetrix, by Hyseq (Sunnyvale, CA), Protogene and Caliper (both Palo Alto, CA); and non-array technologies, of which there are 2 types: electrophoresis, being worked on by Curagen (Bradford, CT), Orchid Biocomputer Inc (Princeton, NJ), and Nanogen (San Diego, CA); and mass spectroscopy: being worked on by Gene Trace Systems (Menlo Park, CA). Some firms offer consulting and fee-for-service contract work. For example, Synteni (Fremont, CA), sells screening services to around 20 biopharmaceutical customers.To sustain a 10% growth rate, the top 50 pharmaceutical firms must produce around 40 new chemical entities/yr, according to Jergen Drews, MD, soon to retire Pres of global research for Hoffman-La Roche (Basel, Switzerland), who suggests that these companies would rely on rapid gene analysis to contribute some of the 3,000-10,000 novel gene targets that impact 100-150 major diseases. Orchid and SmithKline Beecham (Philadelphia, PA) are collaborating on an instrument for combinatorial chemistry and bioactivity screening with the goal of producing a single device that can synthesize 10,000 different molecules. Incyte (Palo Alto, CA) joined with with Affymetrix to develop a database of functionally relevant genes. Hyseq joined with Perkin-Elmer/Applied Biosystems (Foster City, CA) in a strategic partnership to make a universal chip system that uses specially designed reagents and software to assay any genetic target. Nanogen and Becton Dickenson (Franklin Lakes, NJ) formed a venture to develop clinical diagnostic systems for infectious disease testing. Article describes these and other ventures in more detail, and also other new technologies. Table shows biotech companies, their technologies, and the applications of the technologies.
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Gene chip technology ready to impact diagnostic markets.
Abstracted from Genetic Engineering News 12/97
Hewlett-Packard and Affymetrix have put the GeneChip cytrochrome P450 (CYP450) assay for research applications on the market. Gene chip technology is about to have an effect on diagnostic markets. The product is the first commercially available DNA-probe array-based assay for the detection simultaneously of 18 known polymorphisms of 2 of 18 known polymorphisms of 2 human cytochrome P450 genes that code for enzymes used to study metabolism of therapeutics such as beta blockers, antidepressants and anticonvulsants. Physicians can group patients genetically to maximize drug efficacy and minimize toxic responses.
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Drug Discovery News: Affymetrix Inc
Abstracted from Genetic Engineering News 10/01/98
Affymetrix Inc (Santa Clara, CA) and Hewlett-Packard (Palo Alto) have extended their laser scanner manufacturing agreement through the year 2002. H-P will continue to make GeneArray laser scanners, which will be sold by Affymetrix as part of its GeneChip system. |
