>Yo, Dick! If you have the cojones, verify my information at >the Center for Nonproliferation Studies, Monterey,
> California. Or do some research of your own at your >local library instead of crapping here.
Yo, Dickhead! First I don't have to prove anything. You are the one claiming that the M11 crates are still uncrated.
Why don't you say that to the CNS and see what they say about your theory. As for cojones, where's yours. Still in those M11 crates.
Here's info for you from your favorite Center for Nonproliferation Studies, Monterey, California.
Since you haven't provided any research, .... you know what it means when you say you say, If you have the cojones
You may want to take your own advice "Or do some research of your own at your local library instead of crapping here." Here hold my hand and I help you navigate around your own crap. Actually, heeeeeeere dipy dipy dipy dipy... down boy... heel boy heel... follow me now. Read carefully.. Step carefully.
You can read the transefers, the US threats, the chinese agreement, subsequent violation by china, further threats by the US and more violations by china... It's all a game and it keeps going on. Only after the Nuclear tests did china seriously stop help to pakiland directly. But we know where those no-dongs came from. If China wanted all help stoped to pakiland they would tell NK to stop. But this is a way to circumvent the MTCR and yet be allied very closely with pakiland.
From cns.miis.edu
China's Missile Exports and Assistance to Pakistan
China's most serious confrontations with the United States over ballistic missile proliferation have involved Chinese transfers of complete M-11 missiles and missile-related technology to Pakistan.
...
China reportedly began discussing possible sales to Pakistan of M-11 missiles and related technology in the late 1980s, and the contract for the M-11 sale was reportedly signed in 1988. In April 1991, the United States announced that it had discovered the transfer of M-11s had taken place even though China insisted it had never shipped the medium range missiles to
Pakistan. Yet, a month later China admitted that it had sold a "small number" of M-11s but denied that the transfer had yet taken place. In response to this sale, and also to an expected sale of M-9 missiles to Syria, the Bush administration imposed sanctions that curbed computer sales to China and the launching of US satellites on Chinese rockets. China continued to insist that the M-11 was a short-range missile, and should not be covered by US Missile Technology Control Regime (MTCR)-related sanctions.
In November 1991, Secretary of State James Baker reached an agreement with China in which Beijing - initially - verbally agreed to abide by "the guidelines and parameters of the MTCR" in exchange for the lifting of the sanctions imposed earlier that year. (China's pledge said nothing about adhering to the MTCR's annex.) Then, after China sent Washington a letter in February 1992 affirming - in writing - its earlier MTCR assurance, the sanctions were lifted. Yet, by
December 1992 reports had again surfaced that China had transferred several M-11s to Pakistan, in apparent violation of its earlier pledge. China and Pakistan both denied that the transfer had taken place and China also argued that the MTCR does not apply to the M-11. In August 1993, the United States again imposed MTCR-related sanctions on China. China denounced the sanctions, calling the US decision "a wrong judgment based on inaccurate intelligence" and threatened to scrap its promise to abide by the MTCR. The United States and China finally broke the impasse in October 1994 when the two countries issued a joint statement on missile proliferation. In the joint statement, the United States agreed to lift sanctions and in
return China promised to ban all exports of ground-to-ground missiles featuring the primary parameters of the MTCR. (The MTCR only calls for a "strong presumption of denial" for such exports.) China also agreed to the concept of "inherent capability" which binds China from exporting any missile that is inherently capable of delivering a 500kg payload over 300km. The application of the standard would prohibit the export of China's M-11 missile. The US waived the sanctions in November 1994.
However, in early 1995, reports emerged that China had transferred M-11 components and production technology (not full missiles) to Pakistan. These discoveries, if confirmed, would trigger the imposition of new US MTCR sanctions. China and Pakistan again denied the transfers. Since then, China has repeatedly sought to assure the US and especially India that it is not selling M-11 missiles to Pakistan. To date, the United States has not imposed any new missile-related sanctions since August 1993 despite evidence of Chinese missile cooperation and trade with Pakistan.
In addition, China has reportedly assisted Pakistan in its indigenous development of the Hatf-1 and Hatf-2 ballistic missiles. The two missiles are similar to the US Honest John systems, but Pakistan relied heavily upon Chinese assistance to modify the missiles to permit the use of conventional warheads and possibly even chemical weapons. Pakistan may have also relied on Chinese support for the Hatf-3 missile program which may be based on China's M-9 missile. (A different source, however, states that the Hatf-3 may be Pakistan's designation for the M-11).
Some analysts argue that China sees the Hatf-3 program as a way to circumvent its MTCR obligations while fulfilling its agreements with Pakistan.
In a 1997 report by the Director of Central Intelligence, the CIA once again affirmed the strong ties between China and Pakistan related to missile development. The report said: "The Chinese provided a tremendous variety of assistance to both Iran's and Pakistan's ballistic missile programs" during the second half of 1996. [Director of Central Intelligence, The Acquisition of Technology Relating to Weapons of Mass Destruction and Advanced Conventional
Munitions--July-December 1996, June 1997.]
More recently, on 6 April 1998, Pakistan successfully tested a new medium-range, surface-to-surface missile called "the Ghauri" with a possible range of 1,500 kilometers. Some preliminary reports said that China may have had a role in developing the Ghauri. China denied any involvement. Subsequent investigations revealed that the Ghauri is based on North Korea's Nodong-1 missile. Pakistan allegedly purchased several Nodong-1's from North Korea in 1996 and 1997 and then slightly modified them for inclusion in Pakistan's missile force.
Most recently, in mid-1998, the US and China reached an agreement that may eliminate the M-11 issue once and for all. Following June summit meetings in Beijing, the US and China issued a Joint Statement on South Asia which said "our respective policies are to prevent the export of equipment, materials or technology that could in any way assist programs in India or Pakistan for nuclear weapons or for ballistic missiles capable of delivering such weapons, and that to this end, we will strengthen our national export control systems." This statement appears to remove all remaining uncertainty about China's commitment to halt further missile assistance to Pakistan (including MTCR Category II technologies); the statement also signals China's commitment to begin developing legally based export controls on MTCR controlled
technologies.
Following the India and Pakistani nuclear tests, however, new signs emerged that China had permanently curtailed its missile cooperation with Pakistan. In remarks to a seminar in New Delhi on Sino-Indian relations, China's ambassador to India Zhou Gang reiterated that China had not assisted Pakistan's missile program, stating "non-existent is the issue of China's nuclear and missile proliferation to Pakistan" and that "all cooperation between China and Pakistan in the field of nuclear energy is under International Atomic Energy Agency safeguards." Zhou
acknowledged that China was aware of India's concerns regarding China's nuclear assistance to Pakistan and that Beijing had taken "a positive, flexible and pragmatic approach and made proper readjustment of certain policies concerned. |
