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Biotech / Medical : Ionis Pharmaceuticals (IONS) -- Ignore unavailable to you. Want to Upgrade?

To: Scott H. Davis who wrote (2764)	10/28/1999 8:24:00 PM
From: Art Bechhoefer	Respond to of 4676

These overall figures include everything from the first idea to the patents, the lab equipment, the salaries and overhead costs, the legal work, the regulatory applications, the testing procedures, the statistical analyses and reports to the actual apparatus for manufacturing the drug on a production scale, marketing, distribution, etc. I'm sure it also includes conferences and seminars, as well as related activities engaged in by university researchers thought to be essential for the end objectives. The point is that personal friends of mine who began their research with postdoctoral grants and eventually joined companies that were interested in their particular research ideas had no idea, and neither did their company executives, that the costs of developing a new drug could get so big, so fast. In the majority of cases, the original companies don't make it. Their researchers, if they are any good, easily find new jobs in other companies or perhaps in the National Institutes of Health. The bottom line is that it costs a lot of money.