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To: Elroy who wrote (7190)	11/2/1999 2:58:00 PM
From: Scrapps	Respond to of 9236

TECHNICAL APPENDIX Zipper digital frequency division duplexing Zipper-VDSL is based on Discrete Multi-Tone (DMT) technology, which has been adopted by the ITU-T as the international standard for ADSL full-rate as well as its 'light' version, the ADSL.Lite. The Zipper concept, originally proposed by Telia Resarch AB and jointly developed with STMicroelectronics, uses a filterless frequency division duplexing scheme that allows enormous flexibility in assigning the ratio between up- and down-stream capacity. Asymmetric and symmetric data rates can be configured in software with a single implementation solution that will benefit from the economy of scale. The total capacity is divided into 2,048 frequency bands that can be accessed individually, optimizing the capacity utilization. The term "Zipper" comes from the possibility to "zip" together the different bands so the telephone line capacity can be used in any configuration. Zipper-VDSL also allows backward interoperability with existing transmission systems, such as ADSL and ADSL.Lite. Backward interoperability and VDSL / ADSL markets Backward interoperability means that a VDSL modem will be able to establish and maintain communication at bit rate supported by the ADSL full-rate or the ADSL.Lite modem connected at the other end of the telephone line. This is a key benefit because it means that both operators and customers can continue to invest in today's ADSL technology, knowing that existing ADSL equipment will not become obsolete when the VDSL market rises. This backward-interoperability feature makes the combined ADSL and VDSL markets ideal as the standard access technology for broadband communication into the home. The backward interoperability between VDSL and ADSL also ensures that these technologies are fully in line with the worldwide trend towards telecom deregulation and unbundling. Increasingly, multiple network operators are sharing the same cable bundle, creating increased competition between operators and giving the customer greater freedom to choose his service provider. In this emerging competitive market, the backward interoperability between ADSL and VDSL will ensure that consumers will be able to change their service provider without equipment compatibility problems. Scalability Because Zipper-VDSL is inherently scalable, it is easy to implement versions of VDSL that use only part of the full-rate bandwidth. Typically, the greater the bandwidth, the more expensive the silicon and the smaller the number of chip suppliers with the necessary technological competence. Because of its scalability, Zipper-VDSL allows a continuum of price/performance implementations, all backwardly interoperable, thereby facilitating the market introduction of VDSL technology.