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Pastimes : Let's Talk About Our Feelings!!! -- Ignore unavailable to you. Want to Upgrade?

To: Neocon who wrote (63856)	11/23/1999 5:15:00 AM
From: nihil	Respond to of 108807

For many years from the Earl of Pembroke on, English and loyalist Irish soldiers were given land grants and Irish titles. There were famous families -- the Fitzgeralds (Dukes) and Butlers (Earls of Ormond) that were at the top of Irish society. From Henry VIII to the late 19th century, Roman Catholics were usually excluded from UK Parliament and Universities and were required to pay tithes to the Church of Ireland (Anglican) and support the Protestant clergy. James I tried to settle gentlemen and immigrants in Ireland (granting Baronetcies with "the red hand of Ulster) When Cromwell destroyed the remants of the King's party (and later William III crushed the Jacobites at the Boyne) there were several attempts to settle Protestants in Ireland. Londoners at Derry (= Londonderry), clergymen and landowners over the whole country. It was quite simple -- if you were Protestant and loyal to the king, you got land and privileges. If you were Catholic you were excluded from everything. The English seized the ownership of most of the land whenever Irish landowners rebelled. Native Irish were reduced to tenants and were extorted for rent. All good food was exported to England and paid the landlords' rackrents. What was left -- potatoes, buttermilk, fed those Irish who survived. Thousands of Irish fled Ireland to America, Canada, Australia (in chains), and France (where many became soldiers -- even Marshals). In the 1840's Ireland suffered starvation from the potato famine. One third of the population died. One third fled the country. The rest remained in hunger having learned that early marriage was a disaster and children were to be feared rather than to be bred. It is only in the last decade that labor shortages have arisen (Silicon Bog and all of that). Ireland is now prosperous and has a brilliant future.