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To: Dealer who wrote (15977)4/24/2000 8:49:00 AM
From: Jill  Read Replies (2) | Respond to of 35685
 
Here's a British article on manipulation in our stock market, from The Sunday Times there:

The tipsters who never say 'sell'


Going down...but don't tell anyone
INVESTORS were stunned last month when they discovered that Nina Brink, chairman of World Online, a newly floated Dutch internet group, had sold most of her 9.5% stake before the offer.

What shocked them most was not that Brink had pocketed the money but that Goldman Sachs, one of America's top investment banks, which co-managed the float, had not made more of her actions and her apparent lack of confidence in the company in promoting the shares to investors.

The Japanese government, horrified by the scandal, has now announced it may ban Goldman Sachs from participating in a series of privatisations that could have brought the firm hundreds of millions of dollars in fees.

In the fiercely competitive battle for big underwriting deals, banks are resorting to practices that are alarming regulators. They are hyping stocks, encouraging companies to use creative accounting and, if they are venture-capital investors, dumping stocks as soon as the companies float.

Individual investors often pay for these practices. They act (often with disastrous results) on the "hot tips" of analysts appearing on 24-hour financial television channels. They are persuaded to believe commercials that tell them they can become overnight millionaires by trading stocks. And they are completely misled by the creative accounting condoned (but not revealed) in some analysts' reports.

One 30-year Wall Street veteran says: "It is the most corrupt thing I have ever seen. After the market crashes later this year or next, you are going to see congressional hearings into all the terrible things that have been going on."

Arthur Levitt, the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) chairman, has repeatedly complained about the glowing reports that analysts issue on companies with which their firms hope to do business.

The "Chinese walls" that once separated researchers and bankers have all but disappeared in today's banking world and researchers have often become blatant pitchmen for bank deals. Levitt says they "act more like promoters and marketers than unbiased and dispassionate analysts . . . a 'sell' recommendation from an analyst is as common as a Barbra Streisand concert".

In recent years it has not always been easy for analysts to keep pace with the roaring stock market. They have had to introduce bizarre reasons to justify increasingly high share prices and to argue that the price will go much higher in the future and the stock is still worth buying.

Ron Chernow, author of Titan: The Life of John D Rockefeller, wrote in The New York Times last week: "Our most prestigious investment houses have invented bogus mathematical formulas to justify stratospherical stock prices and have fed the inexhaustible appetite of small investors for internet businesses that are little more than concepts dressed up as companies."

In their desire not to offend corporate clients, banks hardly ever put a negative rating on a stock. Ten years ago buy recommendations outnumbered sells 10 to 1. Today less than 1% of the 28,000 individual recommendations tracked by First Call/Thomson Financial are sell ratings, despite the fact that the stock market has recently shown signs of cooling down and the technology-heavy Nasdaq index is 28% below last month's peak.

Sell orders are so rare they are considered media events. Two such events occurred last week when Credit Suisse First Boston (CSFB) put a sell rating on Campbell's Soup company and Needham told investors to "avoid" Intel.

Bankers are not the only ones keen to keep stocks soaring. When Goldman Sachs' Abby Joseph Cohen, who is America's most celebrated bull, warned two weeks ago that stocks were no longer undervalued, some angry investors blamed her for the market's subsequent plunge.

"She received threats and Goldman Sachs has had to hire her a bodyguard," says a banker. Goldman Sachs would neither confirm nor deny this.

Among those who have been pitching hardest for deals is Mary Meeker, Morgan Stanley Dean Witter's celebrated internet analyst. She played a pivotal role in winning a deal for Morgan Stanley to be the lead manager of Lastminute.com's float last month. Her exuberant report on the company was supposed to encourage investors. But the shares are now trading at less than half their flotation price.

One of her former bosses at Morgan Stanley says: "She has become a combination analyst and banker. It is a model that doesn't really work.

"Lastminute plunged and so did ArtistDirect.com, another IPO [initial public offering] she did a couple of weeks later in America. Because of their poor performance it has brought to light the whole problem of Mary's model."

America's "net queen" is objective enough to point out that 70% of the net companies that have gone public will never make money and more than 90% are overvalued. Nevertheless she has had a buy rating on every one of the 15 stocks she covers.

Salomon's Jack Grubman, one of America's top telecommunications analysts, is another researcher-cum-banker who has raised eyebrows.

Rival bankers were surprised last year when he suddenly changed his negative views about AT&T, the leading long-distance carrier, and put a buy recommendation on the stock. Within a month his firm was selected to joint-underwrite the flotation of AT&T's wireless-tracking stock.

"That was a very odd set of circumstances - it was so blatant," says one banker.

The reason for the change in the role of researchers is that, since broker fees were deregulated in 1975 and have shrunk to a fraction of what they used to be, analysts' huge salaries are increasingly being paid by the banking side of the business. Meeker's salary is about $15m a year.

Presumably the bankers want to get more than just research for that sort of money.

Chuck Hill, research director at First Call, a firm that collates analysts' estimates, condemns another increasingly common and deceptive practice of deliberately understating a company's expected earnings.

He says: "Nowadays it is imperative not to miss your estimates [because the market will punish the stock]. More and more firms are giving [confidential] low-ball guidance figures to analysts, knowing they can beat them. It is naive and it is going to end badly."

Another development that alarms old-timers is the way that public-relations men and political "spin doctors" are being recruited to head investment bank press offices.

A former Salomon press officer says the whole morality has changed. He says: "I once gave a journalist a little guidance on the company's earnings to stop him writing a negative story on our firm. But Mr [Warren] Buffett [then chairman] sure put the fear of God into me when he found out about it.

"He said what I had done was unfair as it was giving information to one section of shareholders and not to another. He was very strict. His ethical standards were very high."

American financial journalists are belatedly waking up to Wall Street's shenanigans. Last month Fortune magazine carried a cover story on the seedy practices of Silicon Valley start-ups (aided and abetted by their bankers).

BusinessWeek followed with a cover story on "Wall Street's Hype Machine".

Last week The Wall Street Journal devoted a front-page story to founding investors and insiders who unloaded technology shares before the market's recent plunge.

The huge "overhang" of restricted stock sold into the market at the end of lock-up periods in February and March was one of the big factors in causing the Nasdaq market to go into a tailspin.

Bob Gabele, First Call's insider research director, says: "Sales of restricted stock hit $22 billion in February. Everyone was getting excited about the record $35 billion that investors put into mutual funds that month. But if you included the restricted stock sales with new IPOs there was actually a negative flow of money."

Although most insiders and bankers insist they sold only a small percentage of their stakes in these companies it is clear from SEC filings that many tried to grab profits while they could. CNET, Commerce One and Ariba are among the companies that have lost more than half their value since insiders began dumping shares.

For the investment banks it does not really matter if a new company lives or dies. They make their fees upfront on the flotation and, hopefully, on secondary issues. Underwriters earn fees of about 7%.

Goldman Sachs probably earned about $60m from World Online's float. It earned more than $100m as joint global coordinator for two offerings of the Japanese government's stake in NTT, the telephone company, and is still hoping to underwrite the next $13 billion NTT issue (which will pay $216m in bankers' fees).

Goldman Sachs is currently leading in the flotation league tables. By the middle of this month it had done 27 deals in America, worth $8 billion. Morgan Stanley had done 20 deals, worth $4.9 billion, and CSFB had done 23, worth $3.6 billion, according to Securities Data.

Despite all the recent bad publicity, Americans continue to be infatuated with the stock market and with its so-called experts.

Television presenters, who often seem to have the flimsiest understanding of finance, are accorded the status of Wall Street gurus. By merely mentioning a stock they can double its price in 10 minutes. Real experts, such as Henry Blodget, Merrill Lynch's net analyst, and Ralph Acampora, Prudential Securities' equity strategist, are credited with virtually divine wisdom.

Investors are equally excited by the exotic adverts that intersperse their financial shows. One Morgan Stanley ad, criticised by the SEC and no longer running, showed a truck driver congratulating himself on his stock-market winnings and the island he had bought with them.




To: Dealer who wrote (15977)4/24/2000 8:52:00 AM
From: Dealer  Respond to of 35685
 
QCOM--=DJ Hikari Tsushin Slashes Outlook Again; Disappoints Market

04/24/2000
Dow Jones News Services
(Copyright ¸ 2000 Dow Jones & Company, Inc.)


By Yumiko Nishitani

TOKYO (Dow Jones)--Hikari Tsushin Inc. (J.HKR or 9435) issued another profit warning Monday, and said it planned to reverse its expansion strategy.

The mobile phone distributor and Internet investor now projects a parent operating loss of Y11.6 billion for the current fiscal year ending Aug. 31, compared with an earlier projection of a parent operating profit of Y8.0 billion.

The outlook for the company's mobile phone sales and subscriptions has deteriorated due to falling fresh demand for mobile phones, adverse rumors surrounding Hikari, and the success of a new line of Internet-capable mobile phones made by NTT DoCoMo, Hikari said. Hikari doesn't have a marketing contract for NTT DoCoMo phones.

"The mobile phone market has fully matured, even to the extent (of leaving no room for growth). We can't survive as a mobile phone distributor. We will shift our focus more toward venture incubation and business-to-business mobile Internet businesses, partly through joint ventures," Hikari Tsushin President Yasumitsu Shigeta told a press conference.

"We failed to correctly judge prospects for the market and for the market shares of each carrier," he said.

To cope with the deteriorated environment for its mobile phone sales business, Hikari announced an end to the aggressive expansion of its flagship distribution business.

The stock market, which had been looking to Monday's press conference for possible buying incentives, was disappointed by the lack of strong measures to revamp Hikari's operations and by the second profit warning in less than a month.

Hikari shares ended Monday's session limit down at Y19,800, a 92% decline from the issue's Feb. 25 high, on disappointment over the announcement.

Analysts and traders say Hikari shares may fall towards Y5,000 to Y10,000 in the near term unless Hikari can somehow recoup its credibility in the market.

Briefly before the company's press conference, Hikari shares traded in a session for the first time since March 30 amid rumors that the company was poised to unveil one of a number of drastic moves, such as a capital-involved tie-up with a mobile phone carrier, traders said.

Since March 31, Hikari shares have been unable to attract bids within the daily limit, and have traded only at the market's close in proportional allotment conducted by the Tokyo Stock Exchange.

Proportional allotment is conducted on a limited amount of shares when there is broad imbalance of buy and sell orders.

"Speculators turned buyers of Hikari shares on the rumors. However, when they found out that the buyers were (mostly) foreigners (who were said to be relatively bullish on Hikari despite its recent falls), they rushed to sell off their holdings" in anticipation of strong selling in the near term, said a trader at a local mid-sized brokerage firm.

Foreign investors generally maintained their sell orders, even during the Easter break, while many local institutional investors suspended their sell orders ahead of the press conference only to renew them afterwards, traders said.

"The company betrayed the stock market with its now-collapsed myth of growth. It earlier mapped a business expansion plan with the target of 3,000 hit shops, and now it plans to cut the number to 900," said an equities manager who requested anonymity due to his company's underwriting role.

Hikari scrapped its plan Monday to raise the number of "hit shops" for its mobile phones to 3,000. The plan had been a major factor spurring investors to chase the company's shares to as high as Y241,000, or a price-to-earnings ratio of 721.

Hikari now plans to shut 545 of its 1,445 hit shops by August because of the mobile phone market's slim growth prospects, as well as the growing popularity of NTT DoCoMo phones.

Hikari is negotiating in a bid to obtain a distribution contract for NTT DoCoMo handsets. However, NTT Mobile Communications Network Inc. (J.NTX or 9437), the carrier of NTT DoCoMo phones, has not responded positively, Shigeta said.

Masatoshi Sato, investment information manager at Kankaku Securities, said, "the crucial weakness (in Hikari's mobile phone business strategies) is that it can't sell NTT DoCoMo handsets. In the past, mobile phones had only the telecom function, so Hikari enjoyed the advantage of its big sales network.

"Now that NTT DoCoMo phones have introduced the i-mode Internet-connection device, Hikari's mobile phone business without it would just shrink... Amid fears its become a growth stock that doesn't grow, Hikari shares will be left mainly in the hands of speculators who simply want to play a money game," he said.

Hikari is aiming to secure a full-year parent pretax profit of Y28.0 billion by offsetting the likely operating loss with capital gains from the sale of shares - the same method it used to report a pretax profit in the first half.

Hikari has already locked in Y23.9 billion of capital gains by selling its holdings in Qualcomm Inc. (QCOM), Cisco Systems Inc. (CSCO) and Mobilephone Telecommunications International Ltd. (J.MTI or 9438) in March and earlier this month.

The prospects for Hikari's venture investment business are unclear due to the current shaky sentiment globally on Internet stocks and Hikari's injured credibility, analysts said.

"Unrealized profits in the company's investment portfolio are clearly being eroded by the recent falls and cancellation of an initial public offering. It is a question how much in capital gains they can generate in the future," Kankaku's Sato said.

Japan Rating & Investment Information downgraded its rating on Hikari on April 12, claiming that the company's credibility may fall below those levels it needs in order to finance its investment business with fixed-term borrowings.

Hikari Monday returned a total of Y48.5 billion of short-term and long-term loans and canceled a credit commitment line to prepare for a possible further ratings cut, Managing Director Ko Gido said at Monday's press conference.

"Because the ratings agency kept its rating (on Hikari) under watch for possible further downgrade, we made the repayment to prepare for the possibility of a further downgrade and consequent request for early repayment," he said.

Hikari returned all of the Y24 billion 5-year, syndicate loans which it had held since November 1999. It returned Y24.5 billion of its short-term loans and canceled the commitment line which came with loans from Industrial Bank of Japan Ltd. (J.IBJ or 8302), Hikari said.

In turn, Shigeta provided Hikari with Y25.0 billion of loans through his wholly owned company with no collateral, he said. The funds come from the sale of Shigeta's holdings in Hikari when the company made its debut on the Tokyo Stock Exchange in October, he said.


(END) DOW JONES NEWS 04-24-00