To: Proud_Infidel who wrote (36843 ) 8/17/2000 2:26:49 PM From: Jeffrey D Respond to of 70976 This is interesting. Jeff << INSIDE TRACK: Polymers promise to eclipse liquid crystal: TECHNOLOGY SEMICONDUCTOR DISPLAYS: If you find yourself squinting to read what is on your mobile phone, CDT is likely to appeal, says David Spark 97% match; Financial Times ; 17-Aug-2000 12:00:00 am ; 490 words By DAVID SPARK Liquid-crystal dis-plays are displacing the cathode-ray tube because they are lighter, more convenient and consume less energy. Might they one day be usurped themselves? That is the hope of Cambridge Display Technologies, the high-tech company that is developing a technology that "prints" polymer semiconductors on to plastic to create a display. If you struggle to make out what is on the display of your mobile phone, then help may soon be close at hand. CDT and Seiko-Epson of Japan have recently demonstrated a 2.5in, three-colour display, using semiconductors printed by inkjet. Philips also has a pilot line to produce displays using CDT technology. To start with, these screens will be available on small devices, such as telephones, but they will eventually spread to larger gadgets, including even large-screen televisions. Most displays use liquid-crystal technology. They require a rigid structure with the crystal sandwiched between two pieces of glass. They also require a light source and, if they are three-colour displays, are profligate in their use of battery power, since light other than the required colour is filtered out and wasted. A CDT display does not require a light source, because the polymer semiconductors emit light when energised at low voltage. Neither does it call for glass panels, since polymer semiconductors can be printed on plastic, with a transparent electrode in between. That makes the structure holding it lighter and cheaper to make. A Seiko-Epson official says manufacturing costs will be significantly lower than those of liquid-crystal displays. The bulk of semiconductors used to control the crys tals in LCDs are made of silicon or other inorganic substances that require more processing than polymers. It has long been known that polymers have semiconducting properties, but this was a curiosity and thought to be of no practical value. When CDT first produced devices that worked "it was a huge surprise to everyone", says Richard Friend, Cavendish Professor of Physics at Cambridge, one of CDT's founders. In the 1980s he and colleagues decided to investigate the semiconducting properties of polymers. They found that poly p-phenylenevinylene, if changed in chemical composition, could emit a worthwhile amount of yellow-green light. How do they produce different colours? They sought a patent, set up Cambridge Display Technologies and looked for venture capital. Richard Friend says this enabled them to start work at once, instead of waiting for a research grant, and put them years ahead of other researchers. Rock group Genesis was one of the first investors. Lord Young, the former cabinet minister, and his associates came in with Pounds 6m in 1996. Since then, American funds have invested Dollars 16m (Pounds 10.6m). CDT has also made progress through partnerships with big companies Mr Richard Friend says they have learned that, to introduce a new technology, you have to have every step of the process perceived to be fully manufacturable and risk-free. Only then will a big company shell out hundreds of millions of pounds to adopt your idea. On the back of the light-emitting-display work, CDT is also investigating whether polymer semiconductors can provide a breakthrough in the generation of solar power by, in effect, running the display backwards and turning light into electricity. It has proved a hard grind to reduce the cost of power generated by silicon cells. A mix of polymers might provide a useful alternative.