To: UnBelievable who wrote (15784 ) 9/3/2000 10:27:51 PM From: CYC Read Replies (1) | Respond to of 436258 One thing that was deeply planted in my mind after I read the book, "Devils take the hindmost," was that a sustained period of excessive speculation, or a bubble, came into existence because economic, societal, political, and psychological forces supported such phenomena through their cyclical natures, and intentional manipulation in some cases. Many theories that justify the high equity prices in US have been presented and sometimes with convincing arguments. Just the other day, it was mentioned that peace dividends serve to keep this wonderful prosperity afloat. When US and Soviet Union were engaged in the so-called cold war, Japan was taking advantage of the situation. With their abilities to produce energy-efficient cars and other consumer products that appeal to a broad base of customers, they quickly took over market shares. With a loose monetary policy, the whole nation became a money-making machine. The coordinated efforts between governmental institutions (MITI and such) and Japanese conglomerates, plus cross-holding assets, pushed their invulnerability to a very convincing level. All these factors ferment the bubble to an astonishing height. Not without questionable consequences, however. It popped when all the powerful forces did not resonate any longer. One can only relate the existence of excessive speculation and irrational exuberance to historical lessons. Asset values become detached from reality. Abnormal level of participation by the public. Political identities get involved in covering up truths. It is not surprising, at least to me, that we are hearing unrealistic reports of low inflation and high productivity at this stage. Is this about to be over? I though so two years ago and was proved terribly wrong. I do know though, that it will be. When you hear this bear talk philosophically, you know he is in deep sh&t with his attempts at shorts. -bg-