To: Mike Buckley who wrote (38064 ) 1/16/2001 9:34:29 PM From: Rick Respond to of 54805 The February 2001 edition of the Scientific American, page 63 has an article on LEDs. In Pursuit of the Ultimate Lamp. by M. George Craford, Nick Holonyak Jr, and Frederick A. Kish, Jr. Full-Spectrum light-emitting diodes, or LEDs, are becoming wide-spread - and the race is on to develop white-light versions to replace Edison's century - old incandescent bulb. "In 1995 one of us (Holonyak) has honored to accept the Japan Prize for pioneering work in semiconductors light emitters and lasers. Asked to say a few works about tomorrow's technology, he simply pointed to the ceiling lights and said, "All of this is going." A revolution is taking place, literally in front of our eyes, thanks to semiconductor devices known as light-emitting diodes, or LEDs. Most familiar as the little glowing red or green indicator lights on electric equipment, LEDs are beginning to replace incandescent bulbs in many applications. The reason? LEDs convert electricity to color light more efficiently than their incandescent cousins - for red light, their efficiency is 10 times greater. They are rugged and compact; some types last a phenomenal 100,000 hours, or about a decade of regular use. In contrast, the average incandescent bulbs last about 1,000 hours. Moreover, the intensity and colors of LED light have improved so much that the diodes are now suitable for large displays - perhaps the most impressive example being the eight-story-tall Nasdaq billboard in New York City's Time Square." A brief scan of the article doesn't find any mention of CREE etc. Athough Craford worked at Monsanto and HP and became the chief technology officer at Lumileds Lighting of CA. a firm created by Philips and Agilent technology. Kish is R and D and manufacturing department manager at Agilent Technologies. "There he was one of the primary insigators of a new family of high-brightness red-prange-yellow LEDs, which were the first LEDs to exceed the efficiency of unfiltered incandescent bulbs and are now the dominant technology for traffic signals and exterior lights on automobiles." - Fred