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Pastimes : Astronomy - any star lovers out there? -- Ignore unavailable to you. Want to Upgrade?


To: lurqer who wrote (97)3/23/2001 3:14:48 AM
From: Jon Khymn  Respond to of 180
 
Mir ends its 15 years of journey.
Rest in Peace...

******************
dailynews.yahoo.com

Friday March 23 2:35 AM ET
Mir Ends 'Triumphant' Mission, Fiji Sees Fireworks
Photos

Reuters Photo

Audio/Video
Return of the Mir - (ABCNews.com)


By Anatoly Vereshchagin

KOROLYOV, Russia (Reuters) - Russia's Mir space station (news - web sites) plunged into the Pacific Ocean on Friday, spectacularly streaking over the islands of Fiji with a huge smoke trail after engineers ended the laboratory's ``triumphant'' 15-year mission.

Mission Control outside Moscow said a final signal at 12:07 a.m. EST switched on engines for a 20-minute burst that irrevocably altered the station's trajectory, pitching it into a designated splash-down in a remote part of the Pacific Ocean.

``We saw five or six fragments with a huge smoke trail that lasted for 10 to 15 seconds. (It was) followed some time later by a couple of sonic booms,'' said Reuters photographer Mark Baker in Nadi, Fiji.

``It was above our heads, below the clouds. It was a once in a lifetime experience.''

In Canberra, Australian officials said they believed Mir ended up in an unpopulated part of the Pacific known as the ''graveyard'' some 1,800 miles southwest of Britain's Pitcairn Islands.

``It occurred in the exact area that the Russian space agency had predicted, between Australia and Chile,'' said Emergency Management Australia managing director David Templeman. ``As far as we are aware, all the debris ended up in the graveyard area.''

South Pacific nations had been on standby in case chunks hit land instead of water.

``Russia Is And Will Remain A Space Power''

Across the globe at Mission Control, there were long faces as the reality hit home but pride in Russia's achievement at keeping Mir aloft three times longer than planned.

``Mir has completed its triumphant mission,'' said an announcer at Mission Control outside Moscow. ``It was unprecedented in the history of space research.''

The giant 136-tonstructure -- a collection of cylindrical modules sprouting a profusion of antennae and solar panels -- had been in orbit since 1986.

``Mir proved Russia cannot just build things but can operate them too,'' Russian Space Agency chief Yuri Koptev told reporters. ''It once again shows Russia is and will remain a space power.''

Mir finally lost touch with Mission Control when the last communications window closed at 12:30 a.m. EST and screens showing data flickered into static. Mission Control showed archive footage on its main control room screen of Mir in orbit and later pictures of Mir crews and modules.

Chunks of the craft were expected to burn up on re-entry into the atmosphere but some 20-40 tonnes of metal were expected to splash into the sea around 1 a.m. EST.

Photos

Reuters Photo


Officials had said Mir, long the pride of Soviet and Russian space programs, would disappear from screens during the last 40 minutes. But they later cited U.S. monitoring data.

Mir's demise caps 15 years of record-breaking but also an accident-prone career. Koptev said the mission had cost $4.2 billion, not least because of constant running repairs in the past 18 months.

``Given the state of the station we are obliged to do this,'' Koptev told reporters. ``One should not see this in purely emotional terms.''

Russia will now concentrate its efforts, and limited funds, on the $95-billion International Space Station (news - web sites), which is a joint venture with the United States, Canada, Europe and Japan.

Swirling Cloud Of Super-Heated Metal

Mir's recharged guidance systems maneuvered the craft into position before the first and second bursts were fired to slow the giant structure. They forced Mir to reduce its orbit until it could no longer resist the pull of earth's gravity.

The final burst tipped the craft on its way to oblivion.

The biggest man-made object to re-enter the atmosphere was expected to hurtle down at speeds fast enough to smash through six feet of reinforced concrete.

Airlines altered the flight times of up to six transpacific flights to avoid the splashdown. There was no immediate word on 27 tuna fishing boats in the area.

Although confident there would be no mishaps, Moscow took out a $200 million insurance policy just in case.

Originally designed for only three years in space, Mir's demise was the end of an era for many, and there were unsuccessful last-minute calls in Russia for it to be saved.

The station, which was visited by 28 long-term expeditions and a total of 106 cosmonauts, set many space records, but also became increasingly accident-prone in later years.

``There's a feeling of relief. The job has been done well, with no problems,'' Mission Control chief engineer Mikhail Pronin told reporters. ``Now it's time for a drink.''



To: lurqer who wrote (97)4/28/2001 11:39:16 AM
From: Jon Khymn  Respond to of 180
 
>>If you had $20 million, would you buy this space ticket?
I think I will... <<
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dailynews.yahoo.com

Friday April 27 6:14 PM ET
Space-Bound Tourist Set for Orbit


Russia Going Ahead With Soyuz Launch - (Reuters)


By MARCIA DUNN, AP Aerospace Writer

A California millionaire who's about to become the world's first space tourist wants to lead the charge into orbit by artists, musicians, novelists, movie producers, actors - in short, anyone creative.

``I don't think anyone realizes how beautiful space is,'' Dennis Tito said calmly as controversy swirled over his space station visit.

``If space was something that the average person could really appreciate in the literature, not being spoken by test pilots but by artists, by creative people, even a reformed gang member from Watts. You know, 'Hey, man, this is a cool event.' To relate it to diverse groups of people in our culture, maybe a rap singer, who knows? There's a tremendous opportunity there to add value to our society,'' he said in a recent interview.

Never mind NASA (news - web sites)'s stern admonition that space is no place for amateurs. Tito hopes his Saturday launch aboard a Russian rocket and six-day stay on the international space station will prove anyone can - and should - experience space.

The money generated by paying customers, the financier says, would provide the capital needed to lower the cost of launch vehicles and the price to get people to orbit. His eight-day trip cost as much as $20 million; he won't specify how much he's paying Russian space officials.

His No. 1 job when he gets back, besides returning to his chief executive office at Wilshire Associates in Santa Monica, Calif., is to spread his space-is-for-all message.

``Once I get back from my mission, my entire intention is to just open my arms to NASA ... try to maybe get them to think a little bit differently,'' he said.

Good luck.

NASA waited until four days before Tito's scheduled launch from Kazakstan with two Russian cosmonauts before signing off on his flight, and did so reluctantly. Russian space officials insisted for months that it's their Soyuz rocket and they can put anyone they want on board, an attitude that vexed their U.S. counterparts.

No more space cowboys, NASA warns.

The 60-year-old Tito is a one-time exception, according to NASA and the European, Canadian and Japanese space agencies, and from now on any space station guests will have to meet criteria agreed upon by all the space station partners. Safety must be paramount, the agencies contend.

Tito agrees criteria are needed and points to himself as the perfect role model, a space enthusiast long before he struck it rich.

The tycoon became smitten with space travel while growing up in Queens, N.Y., the oldest child of working-class Italian immigrants whose ancestors came from the town of Tito in southern Italy. ``If you want to know what my house was like, just look at the set of `All in the Family,''' Tito said.

Sputnik, the world's first artificial satellite launched by the Soviet Union in 1957, sparked his teen-age imagination.

Tito earned bachelor's and master's degrees in aerospace engineering and went to work in 1964 for the Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena, Calif. He charted flight paths for NASA's Mariner Mars probes, earning $15,000 a year. But he yearned for more - more money.

Tito founded Wilshire Associates in the early 1970s and by age 40 had made his first million. The millions kept piling up; the investment firm now manages more than $10 billion in assets and advises on $1 trillion in assets.

With disposable income galore, Tito toyed with the idea of flying to Mir in the early 1990s. The Russians had just sent up a Japanese journalist and a British chemist for cash, and Tito wanted to be the next guest cosmonaut. But the Soviet Union's collapse ruined his plans - until the MirCorp company came calling in April 2000 in hopes of keeping Mir afloat.

Tito put millions into an escrow account that the Russian space program could access once he was launched to Mir, and moved from his Pacific Palisades mansion into a spartan apartment at cosmonaut headquarters in Star City, outside Moscow. There, the 5-foot-5, 140-pound, fit-looking businessman threw himself into training. ``The Russians didn't cut any corners,'' he boasted.

When Russia decided to sink its 15-year-old space station, officials offered Tito an alternative destination - the international space station, barely 21/2 years old. Another Soyuz spacecraft was needed at the space station as a fresh lifeboat, and the third, empty seat was offered to him.

His switched ticket set off a contentious debate between the Russian Space Agency and NASA and all the other space station partners. The disagreement crescendoed last month when Tito was barred from joining his two Russian crewmates in space station training at Johnson Space Center in Houston. The cosmonauts boycotted their training for one day, then relented - with the understanding Tito would be on board with them no matter what.

Tito is thrilled with the change in travel plans. ``They're different star hotels,'' he said of the two space stations.

He takes special delight in launching from the same pad where Sputnik took off on Oct. 4, 1957, and where the world's first spaceman, Yuri Gagarin, took off on April 12, 1961 - 40 years ago this month.

Tito will be the third American to be launched aboard a Russian rocket, but the first to land in a Russian spacecraft. The Soyuz capsule parachutes down into remote Kazakstan.

Tito also will be the oldest person to be launched aboard a Russian rocket, and the third-oldest person to fly in space. John Glenn flew at age 77, Story Musgrave at 61. (Tito's crewmates are 50 and 51, making this the oldest space crew ever.)

All three of Tito's 20-something children are at the Baikonur Cosmodrome for his launch.

Tito, who's divorced, said his children accept his unusual choice in vacation, shrugging it off as ``typical dad.'' His own father, long dead, would have thought he was crazy. His mother, also dead, cried for nine months after he left New York for California, ``so I can imagine she'd cry on this one.''

Tito insists he is not afraid or even nervous about his flight.

``If you're going to die of natural causes, does it pay to sit at home and be afraid to cross the street? I mean, like Howard Hughes. What did he do? He became a recluse and was afraid of germs,'' Tito said.

``The main thing is, I'm not crazy