Rocky Road Ahead for B2B Exchanges
Saturday April 14 7:44 AM ET
By Siobhan Kennedy
<<NEW YORK (Reuters) - Nothing speaks as directly to the difficulties facing online businesses-to-business marketplaces as the recent bad news from two of the main companies that create software for such enterprises, Ariba Inc. and Commerce One Inc.
Last week, the once high-flying darlings of Wall Street said that, like other software makers hit by a slowdown in corporate spending on technology, they would miss analyst earnings and revenue expectations for the current quarter.
Ariba (NasdaqNM:ARBA - news) said its revenues would come in at roughly half what they previously expected, cut a third of its workforce and called off a merger that was seen as key to its future.
In its heyday last September, when companies were tripping over themselves to set up exchanges in the hopes of shaving millions off procurement costs, Ariba enjoyed a market capitalization approaching $48 billion.
Last week, as news of Ariba's downfall trickled out, the company's shares sank to an all-time low of $4.38. Based on its closing price on Wednesday of $5.88, Ariba's market capitalization is less than $1.5 billion.
And it's the same tale of woe, to a lesser extreme, with the other B2B software companies like Commerce One (NasdaqNM:CMRC - news), i2 Technologies Inc. (NasdaqNM:ITWO - news), FreeMarkets Inc. (NasdaqNM:FMKT - news), VerticalNet Inc. (NasdaqNM:VERT - news) and PurchasePro Inc. (NasdaqNM:PPRO - news).
Vaporware
Brent Thill, an analyst with Credit Suisse First Boston, said he was never convinced about the promise of B2B exchanges in the first place.
``This B2B marketplace thing was going to be the hottest thing since sliced bread, but...I don't think they're anything more than vaporware,'' Thill said, using a term for software touted by a developer but never delivered.
Thill, like many analysts who watch the B2B market, believe there is a place for private exchanges, where companies link themselves with their own suppliers over the Web. But he said the concept of many global public exchanges, linking multiple buyers and suppliers, is dead.
``The marketplaces will exist, but there's going to be one large exchange in each industry,'' Thill said. ``This whole concept that multiple exchanges will co-exist is a complete fallacy.''
Thill's sentiments were echoed in a new survey by industry research firm ARM Research in Boston. Analyst Joan Harbin, who led a team conducting the study of exchanges in 10 different industries, said that multiple exchanges in the same industry were ``overlapping and confusing the targeted communities.''
``Don't expect a vertical exchange to replace the need for a private exchange,'' she said.
Mark Verbeck, an analyst with Epoch Partners, said information technology managers, who had witnessed the rise Amazon.com in the retail sector, no longer feel pressure to set up exchanges quickly to ward off newcomers in the business sector.
``The market's created a sentiment where IT managers and CIOs no longer feel they have to rush into this,'' Verbeck said. ``The idea of getting 'Amazoned,' that if you didn't move fast enough on B2B someone else was going to move in and take your business away, isn't there anymore.''
Investors Lost Millions
Figures are hard to come by, since most of the exchanges were privately held companies, but analysts said companies have lost hundreds of millions by rushing in to B2B.
``In terms of all the energy, time, labor and investment, I'd say there's probably close to a billion dollars lost already,'' said CSFB's Thill. ``People jumped at it because they thought they saw the answer to making millions after the dot-com fall off.''
For example, Ventro Corp. (NasdaqNM:VNTR - news), a company set up to cash in on the exchange boom, recently closed down two of its marketplaces, resulting in a loss of $382.5 million.
As financial warnings from Commerce One and Ariba demonstrate, the future is going to be hard enough for the one-time ``giants,'' let alone the other firms targeting the B2B market.
``We're going to have to wait until the products are built out and the suppliers are on board, and that's going to take five to seven years,'' said AMR's Bruce Richardson.>> |