To: keokalani'nui who wrote (1753 ) 5/2/2001 6:01:34 PM From: nigel bates Respond to of 3202 Parking some history (from the Layton website) - "...Layton BioScience's position in this field was developed and patented by one of its founding scientists, Dr. James Eberwine, first at Stanford University and later at the University of Pennsylvania. This technique, known as In Situ Transcription, allows the scientist to capture a strand of RNA in a single cell or on a tissue section and then enables him to manipulate tiny amounts of a gene or RNA which have particular meaning to his work, such as in forensics, animal husbandry, or plant propagation wherein certain genetic traits need confirmation. The ability to conduct this work in situ, that is, within the cell or tissue section, is particularly important when looking for a reaction of expression of a given gene which only occurs in a "live" situation wherein interaction with neighboring cells and processes is important. The implications of this technique are broad and have enabled Layton to complete licensing agreements with Perkin Elmer Corporation and Incyte Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Perkin Elmer has licensed use of the In Situ Transcription technology for use in conjunction with its newly introduced in situ PCR machine, the GeneAmp PCR System 1000. Perkin Elmer is also developing a reagent kit which will allow researchers to conduct In Situ Transcription as a first step in the process of in situ PCR. Sales of these kits are expected to commence in early 1999. Layton will receive royalty payments from the sales of these kits once they reach the market and is receiving minimum royalties to maintain exclusivity until product royalties begin. Layton's relationship with Incyte Pharmaceuticals, Inc. began in April 1994 with an exclusive license to the In Situ Transcription and aRNA Amplification technologies to produce cDNA libraries from single cells and amplifying RNA. In August 1997, substantial additional claims relating to aRNA Amplification Technology were allowed by the U.S. Patent Office, which significantly enhanced the patent's commercial value. The U.S. patent issued in February 1998. In March 1998, Incyte and Layton negotiated a new agreement that provides Incyte with an exclusive sublicense, as well as having the right to sublicense to third parties, the In Situ Transcription and aRNA Amplification Technologies...."