To: rich evans who wrote (42764 ) 5/18/2001 9:14:23 AM From: JAPG Respond to of 54805 Rich, The specifications for 4G have not been written or officially discussed by any of the standardization bodies, so nobody knows what 4G will be. However, there are some indications of what type of RF transport technologies may be used, which I guess is what you asked since you mentioned CDMA. RF transport technologies can be dichotomized into: single carrier and multiple carrier.Single carrier transport technologies are: TDMA, CDMA, W-CDMA, GPRS, EDGE, GSM( which is really TDMA) & HDR. Multiple carrier transport technologies are: OFDM (the only one I know). Multiple carrier transport technologies use the spectrum more efficiently than any of the single carrier transport technologies, that is: they can cram more bits per Hertz of the spectrum. If one key objective of 4G is to deliver more bits/sec to users and use the limited spectrum more efficiently, standardization bodies will look very closely to Multiple carrier transport technologies.Present status of OFDM OFDM has had a long gestation period because it is computationally more intensive than any other RF transport technology. Only recently we have seen chips incorporating this technology. OFDM is the transport technology for the IEEE 802.11a standard for broadband WAN, LAN networks in North America and ETSI BRAN HiperLAN/2 in Europe. Note that this is basically for Broadband Fixed wireless access and not for mobile telephony. Products that incorporate these standards are being shipped just now. However, there have been several tests confirming that OFDM can be made mobile and cellular in a short period of time. Thus, some people believe, maybe like Olga Kharif from Business Week, that 3G ---if not delivered in time--- can be skipped altogether and some telcos will go directly to 4G. Some recent references: 1) Microsoft presentation at the OFDM forum, May 10, 2001ofdm-forum.com 2) FCC document approving the use of the first OFDM device on the 2.4 GHz frequency band, MAY 10, 2001ofdm-forum.com 3) OFDM now stands as the sole candidate to be considered by the IEEE's 802.11 Working Group as the industry standard for 802.11g products, May 16, 2001internetnews.com I hope it helps. Take care JAPG