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Strategies & Market Trends : Gorilla and King Portfolio Candidates -- Ignore unavailable to you. Want to Upgrade?


To: Dennis Nicks who wrote (43394)6/11/2001 8:24:46 PM
From: Eric L  Read Replies (2) | Respond to of 54805
 
Dennis,

re: Cell Phones - "Kinda" a Commodity (Maybe)

<< Leave it to me to show up as a newbie on a new thread and use a word with a definition that has been debated for weeks. >>

Seems like you did right well for starters.

<< In your example of cell phones being a commodity, I agree that the physical phones have been commodity. However, I don't think Qualcomm's IP is a commodity. The key is whether a company can create marketable value within a product that differentiates it from other products. >>

Now when Mike Buckley says ...

The problem with the word, "commodity," is that it means so many different things to different people.

... I am moved to say that when Mike Buckley purchases a cell phone, then truly, on that day, the cell phone has reached "commodity" status.

Now back to the cell phone example ...

Are they a "commodity"?

Cell phone manufacture (mobile handset) is dominated by a single company that last year did US $26 Billion in annual sales (70% of that in handsets), with 20% margin.

They had 30.6% market share in 2000 - 2.1 times their next nearest competitor.

In Q1 2001 they increased market share for the quarter from 33% in Q4 2000 to 35.3% - 2.6 times their next nearest competitor with pro forma operating margin of 20.7%.

None of their next 3 competitors made a profit in handsets last quarter.

Recently I followed a discussion on the Fool Nokia board about whether or not handsets were a commodity or not.

TMFMycroft lead off with a statement:

"If you look at Nokia over a 10-year period going forward, they might spend something like $30 billion on R&D. Do you think they would do that if they were producing commodities. The Commodities theory holds no water in my opinion."

[note that 20,000 of Nokia's 60,000 employees are engaged in R&D]

Another poster chimed in:

Remember that many companies have made a killing selling commodities. The key is their ability to differentiate themselves via quality, features, style, and branding. If mobile phones are going to eventually be commodities, Nokia is well on it's way to becoming the "Coke of handsets".

Stefan then added:

I can head down to Chinatown and pick up a Louis Vuitton handbag for $50. The same bag goes for $1100 in a Louis Vuitton shop. Such a deal! Surely handbags are a commodity item. My Chinatown bag looks very similar and holds the same amount of stuff. It's of slightly lower quality, but I can buy 22 for the price of a real Louis Vuitton bag.

I remember from reading "The Warren Buffett Way" that Buffett is ready to invest in commodity businesses, if they have characteristics like:

· wide and sustainable cost advantage
· superior management

Warren Buffett said, that a non-commodity business can be very profitable, even if the management is mediocre. But a commodity business requires superior management to prosper. In this perspective, there is nothing that NOKIA shareholders have to worry about, even if the road becomes broader and handhelds become something, everybody has.


... and finally in response to a poster that said:

"There are too many really good cellphones out there, and they are gravitating toward, not away from, commodity status. IMHO, they are already there."

... Tero replied:

This is the intuitive approach to evaluating a market. A lot of analysts use it. Mobile phones are kinda like VCR and kinda like PC - so their margins should be kinda similar.

The problem with the "kinda" approach is that certain analysts started using it in 1995, when the Ericsson and Nokia mobile phone margin differential was around 10 percentage points.

It's more than 50 percentage points today. I've talked to a lot of people who favor the commodity theory, and they don't have any explanation as to how there can be a 50 point profit margin spread in a commodity market. By definition, margins of major manufacturers don't diverge in commodity markets - they converge.

So the commodity guys think the current situation is just kinda transient. They can't explain this quarter's margin situation, they just insist that it is unnatural.

But if you can't predict *when* a market becomes commoditized and how it happens - what good is this prediction? Anyone predicting PC market commodity status in 1992 would have missed the Dell run.

There is no emperor but the emperor of ice cream; death and decay will claim each and every company and investor sooner or later.

That prediction is kinda useless, however - because investing is about timing. Nobody thinks that entropy won't triumph in the end.

How can I say that cell phones are different than VCR's for the time being? Because certain phones have a proprietary user interface, proprietary messaging features and proprietary mobile data features.

They aren't hardware. They are software.


My takeaway on this is - paraphrasing your Christensen "key":

It appears that Nokia has been able to "create marketable value within a product that differentiates it from other products" ... and that is how they became a King.

Best,

- Eric -



To: Dennis Nicks who wrote (43394)6/11/2001 10:27:04 PM
From: Mike Buckley  Respond to of 54805
 
Dennis,

Welcome to the thread! We look forward to seeing more of you here.

In your example of cell phones being a commodity, I agree that the physical phones have been commoditized. However, I don't think Qualcomm's IP is a commodity.

Yep. The GSM crowd think's Qualcomm's IP is wayyyyyyyy too expensive. :)

--Mike Buckley