To: Don Lloyd who wrote (2558 ) 6/28/2001 7:41:38 AM From: Elsewhere Read Replies (1) | Respond to of 24758 As for the Alfred Müller-Armack link, it's all German to me. At your service - I have appended a rough translation, all errors are mine. Social market economy: the secret father of the German Miracle The economist Alfred Müller-Armack [AMA] was born 100 years ago Daily Mirror (Berlin), June 28, 2001 If AMA had protected the term "social market economy" he would have become a rich man. Especially politicians are fond of using his term frequently to demonstrate their economy-friendly course - the latest example being CDU leader Angela Merkel with her program "The new social market economy."cdu.de cdu.de AMA whose 100th anniversary is today had no clearly outlined concept in mind when he advocated his propositions after WW II which became the foundation of the German Miracle in the 50ies and 60ies. AMA wanted to find a third way between socialism and capitalism uniting the principle of freedom in the market with a social balance. This balance should not lead to an all-caring welfare state. "Free initiative" and "self provision" were important elements of his idea, as well as an efficient competition without dominating enterprises. His model was guided by liberalism [not in the meaning currently used in the USA but a movement emphasizing the freedom of the individual from public control], socialism and Christian values. AMA, son of a worker at Krupp/Essen, was an economy professor and a consultant to the ministry of economics. The system he conceived was not undisputed - Germany had collected bad experiences with market forces and their influence in the 30ies and 40ies. The powerful industrial groups in the German Reich had enabled the rise of Adolf Hitler. All the more the achievement of AMA has to be appreciated whose proposition won against the idea of socialization of big businesses. But another person reaped the laurels: many consider Ludwig Erhard to be the father of the social market economy. The "wise head" guiding him, however, was AMA who died 1978 in Cologne. Other related links: AMA curriculum vitaedhm.de Hans Tietmeyer: The Social Market Economy and Monetary Stability (1999)brook.edu Tribute to Ludwig Erhard (1998)germanembassy-india.org Austrian and Freiburg schools (1999)www-edocs.unimaas.nl Germany and the "Third Way" (1999)libertyhaven.com For most of the postwar period (West) Germany, outside of Switzerland, was the most successful economy in Europe. Her recovery from the ruins of war was truly spectacular. The tragic irony is that just as countries in the rest of Europe ignored the reasons for this success so they will misunderstand the explanation of her current travails. For her early economic record was the result of the deliberate, almost planned, adoption of a free-market economy, which was completely against the trend of the times. There was no Wirtschaftwunder (economic miracle), only the rigorous implementation of well-tested economic policies based on sound theory. Germany's problems today stem from the retreat from this over a 30-year period.