To: Tom Byron who wrote (11499 ) 7/3/2001 12:10:47 AM From: d:oug Respond to of 81502 Even Uncle Bill's "need to know" can get a "no." ... the court case ... the anwer (more or less) will be forth-coming More or Less... or Equal Status Quo or Today is same as Yesterday and Today can be the same as Tomorrow while Tomorrow can be different from Today's Yesterday or Status Quo, a variable a variable, itself not that which one wishes to obtain as it only contains an address pointing to where the information is at and the information can change live at another place the location of the variable remains unchanged its content can change variable = goldensextant.com [variable] = goldensextant.com MPEG COMMENTARY - Page 17 What's New CURRENT MPEG COMMENTARY June 8 & 24, 2001. BIS-Gold Price Fixing Case: Update on the Battle of the Briefs guree tom @ reading the entrails of dead dogs or guree tom @ Looking for MPEG COMMENTARY - Page 18 or Dead Dogs Barking for Smashing Pumpkins or spilled milk or Tough Times for Yellowstone Coyotes or NO LONGER TOP DOG By Jeff Tollefson Reuters YELLOWSTONE NATIONAL PARK, Wyo. (July 2) - The wily coyote has run into a spot of trouble in Yellowstone National Park where the canine once reigned supreme. Things haven't been the same since his bigger cousin the wolf came on the scene... When 31 gray wolves were released in Yellowstone in 1995... ... the wolves have done just fine, expanding their numbers to 168 in as many as 16 packs. But the biological effects are reverberating throughout the Yellowstone ecosystem. Coyotes, long overabundant because of no competition... have been hit the hardest, with populations in some parts of the park sliced in half. ... the species that is going to be impacted the most in the short term [first 10 years], is the coyote... ... a 50 percent reduction is big, and it is, but remember, coyote populations likely increased in the 1930s after wolves were extirpated... ... [the wolves] have taken over territory formerly occupied by their smaller cousins. NO LONGER TOP DOG No longer the park's top dog, [coyote populations] northern Yellowstone have dropped by about 50 percent, to between 250 and 300 [an ounce], since the wolves returned... Coyote territories... have shrunk ... coyotes have been outright killed by wolves protecting their elk carcasses. ... officials say the wolves are quickly becoming one of the park's top draws, often causing traffic problems when a pack is in view. ... but a coyote hanging around for a look and maybe a nibble at leftover elk carcass can get into trouble. Once the wolf pack has gorged itself, the animals nap and digest their meal; raptors and other animals then feast on the remains. But it is a different story when it comes to coyotes: Wolves are territorial and much faster than coyotes, even with a belly full of meat... have been known to deal the ultimate blow to many a coyote trying to lunch on leftovers. ... the coyote population has not decreased evenly. In core areas of wolf activity, the reduction might be 80-90 percent, while less-used areas within wolf territory have seen a 30-50 percent reduction. Between wolf territories, coyote populations are doing just fine and may even in some cases have benefited... ... coyotes have apparently learned that roads represent a safe haven from wolves, who are extremely shy and will do anything to avoid human contact. ... start getting these beggar coyotes ... they hang around the roads... They should be eating things [natural for them] ... rather than Twinkies. Coyotes feed largely on rodents, so fewer coyotes should mean more rodents... means more food for another canine cousin, the fox, as well as owls and hawks. ... [presence of the wolf] ripples through the food chain ... The fox already appears to be prospering... You drop the pebble in the pool and you watch the ripples, and they go out... out... out... seemingly last forever. [ripples through the food chain] REUTERS 09:41 07-02-01 Copyright 2001 Reuters Limited. All rights reserved.