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To: Shadow who wrote (21672)9/19/2001 11:10:48 PM
From: Tunica Albuginea  Respond to of 24042
 
WSJ:How America dismantled its intelligence capabilities.

September 18, 2001

Editorial

Review & Outlook

wsj.com

Unspooking Spooks

How America dismantled its intelligence capabilities.

A Taxed Market


Far be it for us to criticize those trying to close the barn door after the horse has left. But that's the only way to understand what the Bush Administration and Congress are doing with legislation designed to restore intelligence-gathering powers that are indispensable in fighting terrorism.

Had anyone ( read Bill Clinton )done the same after the 1993 attack on the World Trade Center -- or even October's attack on the USS Cole -- several thousand American families would not now wear black as they mourn lost loved ones.
Though there was existing counter-terrorism legislation on
the Hill even before last week's attack, Congressional sources tell us it will now include provisions designed to remove impediments imposed on CIA, FBI and defense intelligence agents over the past quarter century.

The operative word here is "imposed." Because the
"intelligence failure" so horribly on display last week is
the result of political and legal attacks on our spymakers
going back to the 1970s witchhunts of the Church committee.

Americans need to understand that a key reason we don't have the intelligence we need to thwart terrorism is that we have spent many years actively discouraging good agents from getting it.

If we had to single out the moment that our nation moved from an intelligence to anti-intelligence footing, we'd say it came 26 years ago this week, when front pages across America featured a photograph of Senator Frank Church, the Idaho liberal, brandishing a special dart gun that ex-CIA director William Colby had brought to the committee hearings. In Senator Church's view, the CIA was a "rogue elephant on the rampage," and the image ofthe dart gun underscored the accusation that our agents were goon
squads. That was the same year that CounterSpy magazine published the names of CIA agents around the world.


Our agencies have been reeling ever since.
* President Ford signed an executive order forbidding the assassination of foreign leaders.
* Jimmy Carter's CIA director, Stansfield Turner, slashed human intelligence and sacked dozens of the agency's most experienced officers.


And a host of other restrictions went in, including those preventing the CIA from using cover as journalists, clergy or aid workers.

* It hasn't stopped. Last week we wrote about a 1995(Bill Clinton )
directive that demanded that CIA informers not be too dangerous,even though those are the best sources on other dangers.

Over at the FBI, meanwhile, Congressional and media inquisitions led to similar administrative changes. Dedicated field agents who had spent their careers investigating groups such as the Weather Underground -- with the tacit approval of several Presidents --suddenly faced the prospect of criminal indictments. The prosecutions
were nixed, but President Ford's Attorney General, enjamin Levi, handed down similar restrictions. Under the Levi guidelines, agents could not begin investigating suspect groups until after a crime had been committed. Agents tell us that such were the restrictions that they were not even allowed to collect newspaper clippings.

The street agents got the message, and though restrictions were eased during the Reagan years, counter-intelligence has never fully recovered. The best and the brightest left the Bureau for criminal work, where
it was still possible to catch bad guys.
As Attorney General John Ashcroft notes, it's easier today to get a wiretap on a suspected drug dealer than on a terrorist. And other requests by Mr. Ashcroft -- such as his plea to
allow wiretapping authority to be directed at a person (who may use several phones) rather than one specified line, or to monitor financial dealings of suspected terrorists -- suggest just how out of touch the legal
framework is. It speaks of the perverse incentives today that among the Bremer Commission's recommended reforms is having intelligence agents know they are insured against personal liability lawsuits.

Many years ago in this space we noted the ruckus caused when, after the bombing of the Marine barracks in Beirut, President Reagan said such attacks were harder to spot because of an attitude that "spying is somehow dishonest and let's get rid of our intelligence agents -- and we did that to large extent." Former President Bush, a former CIA director himself, made the same point last week.

We only wish it hadn't taken 18 more years and the blood of thousands of Americans for some of our elites to figure out that there are greater evils in this world than U.S. intelligence agencies.



To: Shadow who wrote (21672)9/19/2001 11:26:51 PM
From: Tunica Albuginea  Respond to of 24042
 
WSJ :Tom Clancy: First We Cripple the CIA,Then We Blame It

September 18, 2001



Editorial/Commentary

First We Cripple the CIA,Then We Blame It

By Tom Clancy, a novelist.

wsj.com

We know now that America has been the victim of a large, well-planned,
and well-executed terrorist act. The parameters are yet to be fully explored,
but that won't stop the usual suspects from pontificating (and, yes, that
includes me) on what happened and what needs to be done as a result.
A few modest observations:


** As I write this we only know the rough outlines of
what has taken place. We do not know exactly who the
perpetrators were, though we have heard from Vice
President Dick Cheney that there is "no question" that
Osama bin Laden had a role. But many groups may
have been involved, and we do not know their
motivation, or for whom or for what particular
objective they worked.

**"Don't know" means "don't know" and nothing more.
Absent hard information, talking about who it must have
been and what we need to do about it is a waste of air
and energy. To discern the important facts, we have the
Federal Bureau of Investigation as our principal
investigative agency, and the Central Intelligence
Agency (along with National Security Agency and the
Defense Intelligence Agency) as our principal foreign-
intelligence services. Getting the most important
information is their job, not the job of the news
media, which will only repeat what they are told.
Gathering this information will take time, because
we need to get it right.

**Terrorism is a political act, performed for political
objectives. The general aim of terrorism is to force
changes in the targeted society through the shock
value of the crime committed. Therefore, if we make
radical changes in how our country operates, the
bad guys win. We do not want that to happen. Whoever
planned this operation is watching us right now,
and they are probably having a pretty good laugh. We
can't stop that. What we can do is to maintain that
which they most hate, which is a free society. We've
worked too hard to become what we are, and we can't
allow a few savages to change it for us.
Next, our job is to take a step back, take a deep
breath and get to work finding out who it was, where
they are, and what to do about it.

Terrorism is a crime under the civil law when committed by domestic terrorists; it can be an act of war when committed by foreigners.
For domestic criminals we have the FBI and police. For acts of war
we have our intelligence community and the military. In either case
we have well-trained people to do the work. If we let them do their
job, and give them the support they need, the job will get done as
reliably as gravity.

The foreign-source option seems the most likely at this time.
The first line of defense in such a case is the intelligence
community. The CIA is an agency of about 18,000 employees,
of whom perhaps 800 are field-intelligence officers -- that
is, the people who go out on the street and learn what people
are thinking, not how many tanks they have parked outside
(we have satellites to photograph those).

I've been saying for a lot of years that this number is
too small. American society doesn't love its CIA, for
the same reason that it doesn't always love its cops.
We too often regard them as a threat to ourselves
rather than our enemies. Perhaps these incidents
will make us rethink that.

The best defense against terrorist incidents is
to prevent them from happening. You do that by
finding out what a potential enemy is thinking
before he is able to act. What the field
intelligence officers do is no different from
what Special Agent Joe Pistone of the FBI
did when he infiltrated the mafia under the
cover name of Donnie Brasco. The purpose of
these operations is to find out what people
are thinking and talking about. However good
your satellites are, they cannot see inside
a human head. Only people can go and do that.

But America, and especially the American
news media, does not love the CIA in general
and the field spooks in particular.
As recently as two weeks ago, CBS's "60 Minutes"
regaled us with the hoary old chestnut about
how the CIA undermined the leftist government
of Chile three decades ago. The effect of this
media coverage, always solicitous to leftist
governments, is to brand the CIA an
antiprogressive agency that does Bad Things.


In fact, the CIA is a government agency,
subject to the political whims of whoever
sits in the White House and Congress. The CIA
does what the government of which it is a
part tells it to do. Whatever evil the CIA
may have done was the result of orders from above.

The Chilean event and others (for example,
attempts to remove Fidel Castro from the land
of the living, undertaken during the presidency
of JFK, rather more rarely reported because
only good came from Camelot) caused the late
Liberal Democaratic Sen. Frank Church to help
gut the CIA's Directorate of Operations in the
1970s. What he carelessly left undisturbed
then fell afoul of the Carter administration's
hit man, Stansfield Turner. That capability has
never been replaced.

It is a lamentably common practice in Washington
and elsewhere to shoot people in the back and
then complain when they fail to win the race.
The loss of so many lives in New York and
Washington is now called an "intelligence failure,"
mostly by those who crippled the CIA in the first
place, and by those who celebrated the loss of
its invaluable capabilities.

What a pity that they cannot stand up like
adults now and say: "See, we gutted our
intelligence agencies because we don't much
like them, and now we can bury thousands
of American citizens as an indirect result."
This, of course, will not happen, because
those who inflict their aesthetic on the rest
of us are never around to clean up the resulting
mess, though they seem to enjoy further assaulting
those whom they crippled to begin with.


Call it the law of unintended consequences.
The intelligence community was successfully
assaulted for actions taken under constitutionally
mandated orders, and with nothing left to replace
what was smashed, warnings we might have had to
prevent this horrid event never came. Of course,
neither I nor anyone else can prove that the
warnings would have come, and I will not invoke
the rhetoric of the political left on so sad
an occasion as this.

But the next time America is in a fight, it
is well to remember that tying one's own arm
is unlikely to assist in preserving, protecting
and defending what is ours.