SI
SI
discoversearch

We've detected that you're using an ad content blocking browser plug-in or feature. Ads provide a critical source of revenue to the continued operation of Silicon Investor.  We ask that you disable ad blocking while on Silicon Investor in the best interests of our community.  If you are not using an ad blocker but are still receiving this message, make sure your browser's tracking protection is set to the 'standard' level.
Politics : Sharks in the Septic Tank -- Ignore unavailable to you. Want to Upgrade?


To: bonnuss_in_austin who wrote (33938)10/18/2001 1:21:50 AM
From: Constant Reader  Respond to of 82486
 
How about this story for starters? It is about the Port Authority. The book is said to be one of the best on the subject. I think you will find politics was of the utmost importance:

What New York City-area agency was tough enough to stand up to New York's famed public works power broker, Robert Moses?

Which idealistic agency had to steer insurance commissions to a powerful political supporter to get its bus terminal built?

And which agency's chief engineer had to go to war against his former mentor in order to design one of the century's greatest bridges?

The answer to all three questions is the Port Authority of New York & New Jersey, which is the subject of a fascinating new organizational biography, Empire on the Hudson. Author Jameson W. Doig, a Princeton University expert on urban government and leadership, portrays the PA as a a bi-state agency born of a conflict between New York and New Jersey. Although it failed in its original efforts at rationalizing rail transportation in the area, the agency found its identity through cross-Hudson tunnels and bridges, especially the construction of the record-setting span called George Washington Bridge. These project's brought in big money.

Although it is diminished somewhat now in prestige and effectiveness, the PA's empire extends over bridges, tunnels, airports and until their sale is completed soon, Manhattan's tallest towers. In its heyday the PA was so successful at overcoming opponents and avoiding undue political patronage that it became the partial model for federal agencies, such as the Tennessee Valley Authority, and for hundreds of similar independent authorities created by state and local governments in the 1930s.

As an organizational culture, the PA was infused by progressivist ideas that held that government had a vital role to play in supplying rational planning and needed economic stimuli to the great democratic helter skelter of American life. The PA's "business-like efficiency" propelled it forward to complete projects of nearly overwhelming complexity, says Doig. And its reliance on consensus planning by a large staff with many engineers helped it to avoid the ethical breakdowns that characterized Moses' tenure--in particular his ruthless slum clearance.

Three individuals emerge in Doig's narrative as the PA's early heroes: General Counsel Julian Henry Cohen, who served for more than 20 years; Austin Tobin, executive director from 1942 to 1972; and Othmar H. Ammann, chief engineer from 1928 to 1939.

For its behind-the-scenes views of two of the New York area's vital public structures, the George Washington Bridge and the Port Authority Bus Terminal, the book deserves a permanent place in every construction and engineering library. Ammann, known later for his light suspension bridge designs, wrests control of the trans-Hudson crossing from his aging mentor, Gustav Lindenthal, by striking out on his own and working for free on his plan until he was hired by the PA. This infuriated Lindenthal and the mentor joined the chorus of critics who attacked Ammann, his unusual truss-less design scheme and the site selection. Doig describes the political pressure behind the choice between steel eyebars and wire-rope cables, which would be manufactured in New Jersey's capital, Trenton. Eventually cables won out. Doig also shows that the near-desperate Ammann's ability to engineer the political terrain skillfully was as much a key to his success as structural ideas.

Politics also played an important role when executive director Tobin decided to award the main contract for the big bus terminal to Turner Construction, which was second low bidder to a politically connected firm of unproven skill. To rise above provincial local politics, the PA's leaders always had to play politics deftly. That much Doig makes abundantly clear.

(The italics were mine)

enr.com



To: bonnuss_in_austin who wrote (33938)10/18/2001 1:25:44 AM
From: Constant Reader  Respond to of 82486
 
Here is another detailing the recent 99 year lease to Silverstein which mentions some of the history:

99-Year Net Lease Worth $3.2 Billion; Richest Real Estate Transaction in New York History

The World Trade Center today became the richest real estate prize in New York City history as the Port Authority of New York and New Jersey reached agreement with a major New York City developer and an international shopping center operator on a long-term lease of the famous Twin Towers and other properties at the World Trade Center.

Silverstein Properties, Inc., and Westfield America, Inc. have agreed to a net lease transaction for a term of 99 years, worth an estimated $3.2 billion on a present value basis. The net lease covers four buildings at the World Trade Center, including the Twin Towers and the retail Mall. The lease was approved by the Port Authority's Board of Commissioners at their meeting today.

Governor George E. Pataki said, “When I became Governor, one of my first goals was privatization of this world-famous symbol of the vitality and economic might of the New York region. I am proud to announce that my administration has delivered. This is the largest real estate transaction in New York City history, and one of the largest privatizations ever of a government asset. This agreement allows the private sector to bring its expertise to managing this landmark, and it frees Port Authority resources for improvements in airports, tunnels and bridges and other parts of the region’s transportation network.”

Acting Governor Donald T. DiFrancesco said, "The net lease of the World Trade Center will allow the Port Authority to maintain its revenue stream from the complex, while helping the agency to refocus on the transportation and trade projects in both states that constitute its primary mission. A strong Port Authority will be able to carry out even more projects such as the extension of the Newark Airport monorail to the Northeast Corridor rail line, the purchase of a new fleet of PATH cars, and improvements to the maritime ports and to the bridges and tunnels used by hundreds of thousands of commuters daily."

Port Authority Chairman Lewis M. Eisenberg said, "Construction of the World Trade Center by the Port Authority was one of the greatest construction feats of the last century. And building prime office space in what was then a deteriorating area achieved its goal -- stimulating economic development, and sparking a renaissance in downtown Manhattan, which still continues. The Port Authority and the region both benefit from this transaction. By privatizing the complex at such a favorable time, the agency has provided a stable cash flow from the World Trade Center for the coming century, while reducing exposure to real estate market risk. The long-term lease also ensures that the World Trade Center will continue to meet the public purposes for which it was built, consistent with our bistate statutory mandate."

Port Authority Executive Director Neil D. Levin said, "For the region we serve, privatizing the World Trade Center means a dependable source of revenue to fund regional transportation improvements over the next 99 years. During the last decade, the Port Authority has vastly increased the value of this public asset through effective management and by emphasizing service to tenants. Occupancy, at about 97 percent, is at a historic high. Asking rents for offices and retails shops have doubled in the last five years. And the Mall at the World Trade Center has become one of the country's most successful shopping malls. It was this excellent record of managing the complex that now allows the Port Authority to realize the enhanced value of the complex through this privatization agreement.”

Port Authority Vice Chairman Charles Gargano said, "When the Port Authority built the World Trade Center 30 years ago, it stimulated a new office market in lower Manhattan. The agency has achieved its original goals of economic development. Now it's time for the public sector to step aside and allow the private sector to do what it does best. The Port Authority, meanwhile, will continue to enjoy revenues from the World Trade Center to help fund transportation initiatives throughout the region."

Considered a white elephant in its early years, the World Trade Center, an engineering marvel, became a highly successful office and retail complex in downtown Manhattan, attracting tenants from around the world and becoming an international symbol of New York. It is now the most valuable commercial property in the history of New York.

The buildings included in the net lease agreement are Number One and Two World Trade Center (the Twin Towers), Four and Five World Trade Center (two nine-story office buildings) and approximately 400,000 square feet of retail space. Numbers Three (the WTC Marriott Hotel), Six (the U.S. Customs House) and Seven World Trade Center (a 47-story office building) are already under lease.

The World Trade Center welcomed its first tenant in December 1970. More than 430 companies from 28 countries lease space in the complex. They are engaged in a wide variety of commercial activities, including banking and finance, insurance, transportation, import, export, freight forwarding, customs brokerage, trade associations and representatives of foreign governments. An estimated 40,000 people work in the World Trade Center, and another 140,000 visit the complex daily.



To: bonnuss_in_austin who wrote (33938)10/18/2001 1:33:19 AM
From: Constant Reader  Respond to of 82486
 
As far as your comment that someone made big bucks my answer is "So what?" Someone makes "big bucks" on every government project. There has never been a government project where someone did not make money by the building of it. It seems to me that you are saying that the project was built to satisfy private greed, yet you can produce no proof. The record will show that the project was conceived and developed by politicians and public employees who had a different set of goals.



To: bonnuss_in_austin who wrote (33938)10/18/2001 1:42:33 AM
From: Mac Con Ulaidh  Read Replies (1) | Respond to of 82486
 
The WTC wasn't privatized until last spring. Until then it was held and managed by the Port Authority. Most people laughed when they started plans and built it as part of a plan to revitalize NY downtown, which it did, inspite of a good deal of laughing and disbelief about the project. Gov. Pataki had pledged to privatize in large part to free up the Port Authority from the management of the buildings so that they could concentrate more energy on their other projects.

And all the info on cost, and financing, and profits are on the net.