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Politics : Right Wing Extremist Thread -- Ignore unavailable to you. Want to Upgrade?

To: Ilaine who wrote (20414)	11/19/2001 12:10:36 PM
From: Neocon	Respond to of 59480

Now that I think of it, you are right, there is something on site that questions whether it was rung for the Declaration of Independence. Curious. Anyway, I am pretty sure about the lateness of the break in the bell......

To: Ilaine who wrote (20414)	11/19/2001 12:29:14 PM
From: Neocon	Read Replies (1) \| Respond to of 59480

I think I have it: Feb. 1757 It tolled for the meeting of the Assembly which would send Benjamin Franklin to England to address Colonial grievances. March 1757 The Pennsylvania Gazette reported that the Bell was rung upon the arrival of Lord Loudon from New York. Feb. 1761 It tolled in honor of King George III ascending the throne. 1761 The Assembly permitted nearby St. Paul's Church to use the bell to announce worship until their church building was completed and their own bell installed. Sep. 1764 It tolled upon the repeal of the Sugar Act. Sep. 1764 The Bell was rung to call the Assembly in which Benjamin Franklin was to be sent to England to address Colonial grievances. Oct. 1765 The Bell was "muffled" and rung when ships carrying tax stamps sailed up the Delaware River. Oct. 1765 The Bell was rung to summon citizens to a public meeting to discuss the Stamp Act. April 1768 After the ringing of the Bell, merchants of Philadelphia held a gripe session condemning regressive Parliamentary measures which included a prohibition on the manufacture of steel in the Province of Pennsylvania as well as a ban on hat making. Sep. 1770 It tolled after a resolution claiming that Parliament's latest taxation schemes were subversive of Pennsylvanian's constitutional rights. Feb. 1771 It was rung to call the Assembly together to petition the King for a repeal of tea duties.... Dec. 25, 1773 Shortly after the Boston Tea Party (12/16/1773), the Bell rung the news that the ship Polly was bringing "monopoly" tea into Philadelphia. At this time the Assembly resolved that Captain Ayres of the Polly would neither be allowed to land nor bring his tea to the custom house.... June 1774 A muffled tolling announced the Intolerable Acts which included the closure of the Port of Boston. June 1774 It tolled for a town meting wherein the citizens of Philadelphia pledged over 4,000 pounds in aid for the suffering residents of Boston. April 1775 It pealed to announce the Battle of Lexington and Concord. July 4 1776 The Liberty Bell did not ring on July 4, 1776 for the Declaration of Independence. The reason? The Declaration is dated July 4, 1776, but on that day, the Declaration was sent to the printer. See next. July 8 1776 The Bell was rung to announce the first public reading of the Declaration of Independence. Bells tolled throughout the city on that day. Some historians note that the steeple was in bad condition and that perhaps the Liberty Bell did not toll this day. Lacking any record of a replacement bell or measures taken to find an alternate way to ring major events, we feel confident in saying that the Liberty Bell rang. July 4 1777 The Bell was rung to commemorate the anniversary of the Declaration of Independence Sep. 1777 War came to the Philadelphia region. The British had won the Battle of Brandywine on September 11 and were poised to move into Philadelphia. Philadelphians tried to remove anything the British could make use of, including bells. Bells could be melted down and recast into cannon. On September 23, the State House Bell was taken down and shipped inland. A member of the Carpenters' Company was put in charge of the physical removal. The bell was hidden in the basement of the Zion Reformed Church in Allentown (where you can visit today). On its journey, the Bell was guarded by Colonel William Polk of North Carolina who was in command of 200 North Carolina and Virginia militiaman. June 27 1778 The Bell was brought back to Philadelphia but not rehung. The rotten steeple didn't allow it. The Bell was put into storage for seven years. Some believe the Bell was stored in one of the munitions sheds that flanked the State House. 1781 The State House steeple was torn down. 1785 The Bell was rehung in the rebuilt State House steeple. 1787 The Bell was rung upon ratification of the Constitution. 1789 It was rung throughout the year to call students of the University of Pennsylvania to classes at nearby Philosophical Hall. 1790 Tolled at death of Franklin. March 1797 Rung during the inauguration of John Adams. Dec. 1799 Tolled at the death of Washington. 1799 Pennsylvania's state capital moved to Lancaster. The Bell remained in Philadelphia and was used to call voters, to celebrate patriotic occasions, and to toll on the deaths of famous Americans. March 1801 Rung during the inauguration of John Adams. July 1804 Tolled at the death of Hamilton.... 1821 Philadelphia City Councils (there were two at the time) bought a new bell to be used for the clocks on the State House. The Liberty Bell would remain on the fourth floor of the brick part of the tower. Sep. 1824 Bell rung for Lafayette's triumphant return to Philadelphia. A letter to the Philadelphia Public Ledger on May 4, 1915 (nearly 100 years after the event) claimed that the Bell cracked on this occasion. There was no mention in the contemporary press that the bell cracked at that time, however. July 1826 Tolled at the deaths of John Adams and Thomas Jefferson..... 1831 City Councils agree to let the youths of the city ring "the old State House Bell" on July 4th. Feb. 1832 Rang for the Centennial birthday celebration for George Washington. July 1834 Tolled at the death of Lafayette 1835 In an interview in the Sunday New York Times of July 16, 1911, one Emmanuel Rauch claims that when he was a boy of 10, he was walking through the State House Square on Washington's Birthday when the steeple-keeper, Major Jack Downing, called him over. Rauch, along with several other boys were asked whether they wanted to ring the Bell in honor of Washington's Birthday. The boys started the ringing, and after the clapper had struck about a dozen times, both the lads and Major Downing noticed a change in the Bell's tone. Upon examining the Bell, they discovered a hairline crack, over a foot long. Major Downing sent the boys on their way. July 8, 1835 Long-believed to have cracked while tolling for John Marshall, who had died while in Philadelphia. However, this is historically questionable. April 1841 Muffled and rung upon the death of William Henry Harrison. Feb. 1846 The most famous crack in history, the zig-zag fracture occurs while the Liberty Bell is being rung for Washington's birthday. The Philadelphia Public Ledger takes up the story in its February 26, 1846 publication: "The old Independence Bell rang its last clear note on Monday last in honor of the birthday of Washington and now hangs in the great city steeple irreparably cracked and dumb. It had been cracked before but was set in order of that day by having the edges of the fracture filed so as not to vibrate against each other ... It gave out clear notes and loud, and appeared to be in excellent condition until noon, when it received a sort of compound fracture in a zig-zag direction through one of its sides which put it completely out of tune and left it a mere wreck of what it was." ushistory.org

To: Ilaine who wrote (20414)	11/19/2001 1:20:05 PM
From: DMaA	Respond to of 59480

CB, I visited the Liberty Bell about 5 years ago. I frankly can't remember anything significant about the experience. This is disturbing and indicates there is a SERIOUS problem with the Park Service's treatment of Bell. A visit to this important symbol should be inspiring and emotional. Instead it left no impression on me and actually gave you NEGATIVE impression - "what the heck's the deal about this piece of crap". This is just awful and heart breaking when you think about it.

To: Ilaine who wrote (20414)	11/19/2001 1:26:45 PM
From: KLP	Read Replies (1) \| Respond to of 59480

Another piece of disturbing news of Iraq and North Korea today: U.S. suspects Iraq of building germ warfare program<?b> 11/19/2001 - Updated 07:31 AM ET usatoday.com GENEVA (AP) — The United States said Monday it strongly suspects Iraq of building up a germ warfare program, but stopped short of saying that country might supply biological weapons to Osama bin Laden's terrorist network. John R. Bolton, undersecretary of state for arms control, also told the 144 nations that have signed the 1972 Biological Weapons Convention that the United States finds North Korea's biological weapons program "extremely disturbing." The United States strongly suspects that Iraq has taken advantage of three years of no U.N. inspections to improve all phases of its offensive biological weapons program," said Bolton. "The existence of Iraq's program is beyond dispute." He said the United States believed North Korea had a dedicated, national-level effort to achieve a biological weapons capability and that it has "developed and produced, and may have weaponized" biological agents. He also said the United States was "quite concerned" about Libya, Syria and Sudan, all of which appeared to have biological weapons programs. "There are other states I could have named which the United States will be contacting privately concerning our belief that they are pursuing an offensive biological weapons program," he said. Bolton said the United States knows "that Osama bin Laden considers obtaining weapons of mass destruction to be a sacred duty" and wants to use them against the United States." "We are concerned that he could have been trying to acquire a rudimentary biological weapons capability, possibly with support from a state." But he said the United States was "not prepared to comment whether rogue states may have assisted" bin Laden in the plan. Ali Asghar Soltanieh, the Iranian ambassador to the conference, said the allegation that his country was developing biological weapons was "unjustified and baseless." The United States, which has rejected a legally binding inspection plan under the treaty, said it would rather set up a mechanism under which the U.N. secretary-general would order inspections when violations are suspected. Other countries, however, said the binding commitment is necessary if the treaty is to be effective. Belgian Ambassador Jean Lint, speaking for the European Union, said the 15-nation bloc also supports the inclusion of "investigation measures" under the treaty. U.N. Secretary-General Kofi Annan said in a message to the conference that it faced a clear challenge to deal with the threat of biological weapons. "The horrific attacks on Sept. 11 could have been far worse if weapons of mass destruction had been used," Annan said. "In recent weeks, the world has seen the use of biological agents to create chaos and terror violating the international norm." The emergence of anthrax-tainted letters in the United States in the weeks following the Sept. 11 terrorist attack has shown a spotlight on the 1972 Biological Weapons Convention, subject of the three-week meeting. The treaty drafters omitted a way to enforce the convention in 1972, in part because no one seriously thought anyone would try to use germ warfare.