To: Bilow who wrote (20662 ) 11/25/2001 5:41:32 PM From: KLP Respond to of 59480 Bin Laden’s Nuclear Ambitions—And Fears EXCLUSIVE Secretary of Defense Donald Rumsfeld recently said it was “unlikely” that Osama bin Laden’s terrorist network had a nuclear weapon. But U.S. officials are leaving nothing to chance. NEWSWEEK has learned that over the last several years, Customs inspectors who check cargo at U.S. entry ports have been quietly equipped with pagers containing a special feature: a Geiger counter that sounds whenever an inspector is near a source of radioactivity. About 4,000 inspectors have been given the belt-mounted beepers. So far, no wayward nukes have been discovered entering the country. But American Customs officials have also distributed pagers to officers in several former Soviet republics. On at least one occasion, foreign cops used the beepers to spot an illicit shipment of radioactive cobalt to Iran. Although no specific threat of atomic terror against the United States has been received, Customs Commissioner Robert Bonner says, “I think we have to take the nuclear threat seriously.” His inspectors are on what he calls “Level One” alert. Within the last month, they got a tip that a sea container was headed into a U.S. port carrying weapons of mass destruction. Inspectors descended on the container, Geiger counters at the ready, but came up empty. Despite the discovery of purported nuclear manuals in Al Qaeda safe houses in newly liberated Kabul, U.S. intelligence officials say there is still no persuasive evidence that the bin Laden network has acquired the know-how to explode a nuclear bomb. They are, however, worried that Al Qaeda operatives could build a “dirty bomb,” in which they would try to contaminate a wide area by blowing up a cache of chemical, biological or even nuclear materials with conventional explosives, spreading radioactive fallout, germs or nerve gas to the four winds. One former Qaeda member testified earlier this year about repeated attempts by bin Laden to purchase uranium on the open market. Officials say the former Soviet stockpile remains a particular source of concern: about 60 percent is not properly safeguarded. During the 1990s, quantities of “weapons usable” nuclear materials sufficient to irradiate a significant area (but too small to make a bomb) were seized from would-be smugglers in Russia and other European countries including Germany, the Czech Republic and Bulgaria, U.S. intelligence officials say. Among the materials targeted by smugglers are various grades of uranium, including bomb-grade material, and small quantities of deadly plutonium. According to intelligence sources, bin Laden has also been preparing for a chemical or biological attack. German intelligence officials have told the United States that right before September 11, bin Laden ordered 200 gas masks and another 200 spacesuits designed to protect against attacks with chemical or biological weapons. The suits were supposedly delivered to bin Laden by one of his sons-in-law about a week before the 11th at a hideout near Milava, Afghanistan. Western intelligence officials believe that bin Laden bought the suits because he feared a chemical or biological onslaught by the United States or its allies, not because he is planning to launch such an attack on Western forces. Some U.S. officials warn that the story about bin Laden’s gas-mask purchase should be taken with “a grain of salt.” —Mark Hosenball, Michael Isikoff and Daniel Klaidman