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To: Ruffian who wrote (109927)	12/27/2001 11:52:05 PM
From: Jon Koplik	Respond to of 152472

Very off topic : AP News -- History of Guantanamo Bay, Cuba December 27, 2001 History of Guantanamo Bay, Cuba By THE ASSOCIATED PRESS Filed at 7:24 p.m. ET Some dates in the history of Guantanamo Bay, where the United States maintains a Naval Station, the oldest U.S. overseas military post. --April 30, 1494: Christopher Columbus stays overnight in Guantanamo Bay during his second voyage to the Americas. He calls the natural harbor ``Puerto Grande.'' --1741: British troops occupy Guantanamo Bay for four months during their war against Spanish trade interests in the colonies. --June 10, 1898: A battalion of Marines camps at Guantanamo Bay, the first U.S. troops to land in Cuba in the Spanish-American war. Spanish guerrillas -- signaling to each other with dove-like coos -- close in on the outpost a day later and kill two marines, the first U.S. casualties in the war. --Feb. 23, 1903: President Theodore Roosevelt signs an agreement with Cuba, leasing Guantanamo Bay for 2,000 gold coins a year, now valued at $4,085. Washington continues to pay the lease every year, but Castro's government refuses to cash the checks. --1906: Opposition forces stage a revolution in Cuba; U.S. steps in and declares a provisional government, the first of several such interventions. Troops in Guantanamo patrol U.S.-owned plantations to protect them from insurgents. --1916-1917: Disputed elections launch another civil war in Cuba. Cuban government gunboats seek refuge in Guantanamo Bay after revolutionaries take nearby Santiago. U.S. authorities once again intervene and restore order. --1933: U.S. forces based in Guantanamo protect U.S. interests during another period of turmoil and revolution. --1934: Under a renegotiated lease, the United States and Cuba agree that the land would revert to Cuban control only if abandoned or by mutual consent. --1939: Anticipating U.S. participation in World War II, President Franklin Delano Roosevelt visits Guantanamo Bay and orders major expansions that will allow it to operate as a port for air and sea patrols. --June 27, 1958: Rebel forces led by Fidel Castro's brother, Raul, kidnap 29 sailors and Marines returning from leave inside Cuba. They are released on July 18. --Jan. 1, 1959: With revolutionary forces led by Fidel Castro making advances, U.S. bans its servicemen from entering Cuban territory. --Jan. 4, 1961: The formal break between the United States and Cuba takes effect. President Eisenhower declares that this ``has no effect on the status of our Naval Station at Guantanamo.'' --April 17, 1961: Abortive U.S.-backed Bay of Pigs invasion ends in a fiasco for anti-Castro forces. Guantanamo is on high alert, although far from the action. --Fall 1961: Castro plants a ``cactus curtain'' around the U.S. base to frustrate attempts by Cubans to seek refuge there. --Oct. 21-22, 1962: Dependents and other civilians are evacuated during Cuban Missile Crisis, when the Kennedy administration blockaded Cuba to force the withdrawal of Soviet nuclear missiles. Reinforcements arrive to man the base's front lines. Civilians return on Dec. 7. --Feb. 6, 1964: Castro cuts water to the base in retaliation for fines imposed on Cuban fisherman fishing in Florida waters. In response, the United States severs the pipes to the base, imports water, orders rationing, and builds a desalination plant. --October 1979: Carter administration stages major Marine reinforcement exercise at Guantanamo, a show of force to counter the recently established presence of a Soviet brigade in Cuba. --November 1991: Pentagon starts building housing for flood of refugees arriving in Guantanamo from Haiti. Hundreds are refused onward passage to the United States because they are HIV-infected. Bleak conditions in Guantanamo inspire several uprisings through the 1990s. --August 1994: Riots in Havana prompt Castro to declare that he will not block attempts by Cubans to leave by sea, and thousands of Cuban refugees join the Haitians already living in Guantanamo. The United States evacuates civilians on the base to make room for the refugees. --January 1996: The United States closes the tent cities, resettling most of the Cubans on U.S. soil. --April 1999: The Clinton administration considers, then abandons, plans to house thousands of Kosovo refugees in Guantanamo. Source: Official U.S. Naval Station, Guantanamo Bay history. ^------ On the Net: U.S. Naval Station, Guantanamo Bay: nsgtmo.navy.mil Copyright 2001 The Associated Press