To: Richnorth who wrote (82982 ) 3/7/2002 7:48:45 AM From: long-gone Read Replies (1) | Respond to of 116815 <<Unless my source of info was mistaken, it was the Europeans that brought VD, especially syphilis, to the New World!!! >> Key paragraph from "new" findings: "Using these criteria, they examined 687 skeletons from archaeological sites in the United States and Ecuador ranging in age from 400 to 6,000 years. Populations to the south (New Mexico, Florida, and Ecuador) proved to have syphilis, while those to the north (Ohio, Illinois, and Virginia) had yaws. By contrast, examination of 1,000 Old World skeletons dated to before contact with the New World revealed no cases of syphilis. This suggests that syphilis was first present in the New World and was later brought to the Old World. Furthermore, the Rothschilds found that the earliest yaws cases in the New World collections were at least 6,000 years old, while the first syphilis cases were at least 800 years old and perhaps more than 1,600 years old. This suggests that syphilis may be a New World mutation of yaws, which has a worldwide distribution. The occurrence of the same mutation giving rise to syphilis independently in the New and Old worlds seems unlikely." ORIGINS OF SYPHILIS MARK ROSE archaeology.org Pouedras/Eurelios Volume 50 Number 1 January/February 1997 and support of those findings from literary research:findarticles.com This is the reason so few continue to list the introduction of smallpox to the New World as a crime because introduction of syphilis to the Old World caused near the same level of suffering & death and (of greatest importance) neither Disease was well understood and neither introduction was intended. While the effects may be the same as if release of these diseases were acts of bio-war neither military force possessed ability to wield any disease as a weapon.