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To: Cage Rattler who wrote (86025)	5/28/2002 5:35:30 PM
From: E. Charters	Respond to of 117319

The market excels at random punishment response to input. This may lead to random punishments (losses) which will elicit neurotic breakdown in the participating subjects and thus the market itself, which is indistinguishable from the subjects. Thus the market punishes itself randomly and begins to behave like its punished subjects. It has or develops inherent approach-avoidance conflict. Addicted gamblers and heavy market players may be masochists who lose on purpose. The basic physiological function of the cerebral hemisphere throughout the subsequent individual life consists in a constant addition of numberless signaling conditioned stimuli to the limited number of in-born unconditional stimuli, in other words, in constantly supplementing the unconditioned reflexes by conditioned ones. Ivan Petrovich Pavlov In this Pavlov is saying the "reward" (food for Pavlov's dog) is the unconditioned stimulus, our autonomic physiological response is the unconditioned reflex (saliva), the associated signal with the reward is the conditioned stimulus (dinner bell), and the response with regard to the associated signal, which is the same as the mentioned autonomic response, is the conditioned reflex (saliva). So with reference to the Pavlov quote, Pavlov is saying that the brain is "adding" or associating conditioned stimuli (associated sensory input such as sound), to the unconditioned stimuli, or raw sensory input of some phenomena such as taste, to generate a conditioned reflex, and this conditioning of the reflex - or - association of stimuli is learning. Here Unconditioned means hardwired or automatic. Conditioned means learned. Unconditioned stimuli are things that may produce responses automatically. Needles produce pain and anxiety. Conditioned stimuli are signals that have to be associated. The sight of needles produces fear. (We see this with posters. We learn to associate certain posters who carp on certain subjects with the undesirability of these subjects. This is probably not what they intended.) We must go beyond S-R to reward-punishment and its effects though as S-R is not R-P. The market could be seen as a being that is performing R-P upon itself. This is accurate as it is composed of beings trading with each other. There is both positive and negative stimuli, that elicit different behaviours. This schedule or pattern causes what is called operant conditioning. The R-P idea is that behaviour is reinforced by the nature of the schedule of P and R given Bh according to what is regarded as a secondary reinforcer or goal. (actually the secondary reinforcer is a conditioned stimuli, associated with some other more basic reinforcer in the CNS.). Both the environment and behaviour in it cause a R-P cycle that elicits certain Bh responses. Total Bh is cause by the association over time with unconditioned stimuli and associated conditioned stimuli. And of course we "learn" to reward and punish ourselves by S-R and R-P. Why would we punish ourselves? We do. You can change behaviours yourself by setting up R-P cycles for yourself. A word of caution. Do not be too hard on yourself or reward or punish yourself all the time. (Use random card for this.) One tends to judge too harshly in general. The market may reqard itself for making money or going up. On the other hand it may reward itself for correction. It is really a bunch of people, rewarding and punishing themselves by and for buying selling and holding. They are also subject to the market's environment feeding back on them randomly. EC<:-}

To: Cage Rattler who wrote (86025)	5/28/2002 7:10:31 PM
From: E. Charters	Respond to of 117319

The basic physiological function of the cerebral hemisphere throughout the subsequent individual life consists in a constant addition of numberless signaling conditioned stimuli to the limited number of in-born unconditional stimuli, in other words, in constantly supplementing the unconditioned reflexes by conditioned ones. by Pavlov ... is bad English. It should read --> The basic and unceasing function of the brain consists ofthe continual association of the greatly numerous signals of external stimuli, which we shall call conditioned stimuli, with the smaller number of unconditioned stimuli, which elicit natural responses or reflexes in the organism. In other words, the brain is constantly adding "conditioned" or learned reflexes, to the autonomic or unconditioned reflexes. ************ What Pavlov meant is not just that one can ring a bell and make a dog salivate, but that the brain on its own is constantly making the association of the stimulus of external environment signals to the automatic responses of the organism to other stimuli -- and the accumulation of stimulus-response association in the central nervous system's wiring is how the organism learns its behaviours. In effect Pavlov was explaining instinct and learning. Where Pavlov may mislead slightly is that it may be that all stimuli cause unconditioned, or automatic response to a degree. Some stimuli, however, may become associated with others, causing a stimulus-reflex association. This is achieved by juxtaposition in time of the two stimuli and by the strength of both the conditioned and unconditioned stimuli. EC<:-}