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Non-Tech : Vail Resorts MTN -- Ignore unavailable to you. Want to Upgrade?

To: long-gone who wrote (2)	7/18/2002 2:51:41 PM
From: long-gone	Read Replies (1) \| Respond to of 13

THE EL NIÑO/LA NIÑA CYCLE: A TUTORIAL cpc.ncep.noaa.gov THE EL NIÑO/SOUTHERN OSCILLATION (ENSO) CYCLE The ENSO (El Niño/ Southern Oscillation) cycle refers to the coherent, large-scale fluctuation of ocean temperatures, rainfall, atmospheric circulation, vertical motion and air pressure across the tropical Pacific. Thus, it represents a coupled ocean-atmosphere phenomenon centered in and over the tropical Pacific. The scale of these fluctuations is quite vast, with the changes in sea-surface temperatures oftentimes spanning a distance of more than one-quarter the circumference of the globe, and the changes in tropical rainfall and winds spanning a distance of more than one-half the circumference of the earth. El Niño episodes (also called Pacific warm episodes or ENSO) and La Niña episodes (also called Pacific cold episodes) represent opposite extremes of the ENSO cycle. El Niño episodes feature the development of abnormally warm sea surface temperatures across the eastern tropical Pacific, while La Niña episodes feature abnormally cold sea-surface temperatures across the eastern tropical Pacific. Typical sea-surface temperature maps for December - February during El Niño and La Niña episodes are shown above. During a strong El Niño episode, ocean temperatures can locally average 2°C - 5°C (4°F - 9°F) above normal between the date line and the west coast of South America, sometimes resulting in nearly uniform surface temperatures across the entire equatorial Pacific. During a strong La Niña episode ocean temperatures locally average 1°C - 4°C (2°F - 7°F) below normal between the date line and the west coast of South America, resulting in large east-west variations in ocean temperatures across the equatorial Pacific. cpc.ncep.noaa.gov El Nino impacts: Colorado November-December Precipitation cpc.ncep.noaa.gov January-March Precipitation Normal vs. El Nino Average cpc.ncep.noaa.gov