To: E. Charters who wrote (2657 ) 8/3/2002 3:14:19 AM From: E. Charters Read Replies (1) | Respond to of 8273 Spring floods. Moves everything a tad and deposits it after a while. (why gold never exceeds its one season level of new deposit.) Also, although I discount it for everywhere but where the streams are frozen to the bottom generally, there is carbonic acid which dissolves and deposits gold around nuggets. (The dissolution process can be compared to aqua regia which dissolved gold by nitric, and complexes it by chloride, this accounts for the low solubility in one acid as the complexing removes it from solute, and allows the nitric to attack it "again". What complexing takes place for carbonic dissolution I am not sure, but if the precipitation was immediate, then the solution process could remove a fair amount of gold. Why it does not remove it from the nugget may be because of electrical processes, or because of transport from the solution area to a different condition precipitation area. Another idea to be studied is the fact that soils produce nitrates. These nitrates may attack surface ore, and the gold may be complexed somehow by chloride salts, (CaCl, NaCl, MgCl, KCl, HCl, FeCl ) precipitation or other (humic acid is known to attract metals by adsorption) complexing or just by removed by flow-past to provide the same effect. The removal is necessary to provide the conditions for continual dissolution due to the low KSP of gold in a mono solvent of nitrates, bromides or carbonic. But as I mentioned, there are many conditions which could effect the necessary complexing or removal of concentrated solute. Even SG separation of still pockets of solute, or electrical conditions due to the nature of the solute may be all that is necessary to allow continued dissolution. This freezing and solution/precipitation accounts for nugget growth which can be seen in rings in the nugget if sawn and examined by microscope. (H. Lovell) Nuggets left in Yukon placer streams will grow in size over time. Other nuggets have been seen to have core of other substances. EC<:-}