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Pastimes : I AM A MINDLESS ZOMBIE -- Ignore unavailable to you. Want to Upgrade?

To: Maurice Winn who wrote (85)	8/18/2002 10:32:29 AM
From: carranza2	Read Replies (1) \| Respond to of 258

Check this if you think zombiism is not real. Then read Wade Davis' The Serpent and the Rainbow, a controversial book I read long ago. Davis, a Harvard researcher, is an ethnopharmacologist who posits that creating a paste using secretions of the marine toad, bufo marinus, in combination with a tetrodotoxin (the same kind of toxin found in fugu fish), can create a zombie. He supposedly found a real live zombie in Haiti. 131.183.68.170 Ethnopharmacology in the study of Zombiism [Slides] Evidence for Zombies in popular culture Night of the Living Dead Miami Vice (Legba) Doonesbury (Uncle Duke when President of Baby Doc School of Medicine was turned into the zombie, Legume) The Serpent and the Rainbow My Baby's Back Buffy, the Vampire Slayer? Evidence for Zombies in real life Published research of E. Wade Davis, Harvard University J. Ethnopharmacology 9:85-104,1983. The Ethnobiology of the Haitian Zombi The story of Clarvius Narcisse (aka Louis Ozias) Davis points out that: Voudoux is a religion. Bokors are malevolent priests of Voudoux. Bokors, usually on a fee for service basis, will turn someone into a Zombi. The sequence of events is as follows: 1. Apply chemical irritant to victim's skin. 2. Apply Zombi cucumber paste (First two steps may be done together). 3. Victim is pronounced dead. 4. Bury victim. 5. Exhume Zombi 8 hours later: Zombi will be in a rage and require restraint; Zombi must be fed Zombi cucumber. Zombi is led away to slavery. Articles in Lancet If you haven't yet go the point about the discussion of Zombies, the main point is this: [What do YOU think the point is?] To promote scratching: Dalenchampia scadens produces severe dermatitis Dieffenbachia has needles of calcium oxalate which are very irritating. To promote a cloudy sensorium with or without hallucinations: Zombi cucumber: Datura stramonium contains two potent alkaloids: atropine and scopolamine which produce hallucinations and amnesia. For miscellaneous CNS and other effects: Bufo marinus (New World Toad) phenylethylamines, e.g. DA, NE, and E indoleamines, e.g. 5HT cinobufagin, a local anesthetic bufogenins and bufotoxins, cardioactive steroids bufotenine, a hallucinogen For dramatically altered cardiovascular/respiratory and neurological function: Diodon hystrix (puffer fish) tetrodotoxin: blocksNachannels and therefore blocks action potentials. Effective in doses as low as 10 ug/kg Effects of tetrodotoxin include: warmth, flushing, lip/tongue paresthesias, euphoria, severe numbness (floating feeling), N/V, diarrhea, epigastric pain, fixed eyeballs, loss of pupillary and corneal reflexes, muscle twitching, paralysis of throat and larynx (dysphonia or aphonia), paralysis of extremities, paralysis of respiratory muscles, loss ofmovement, hypotension, pulmonary edema. Conciousness is retained! Notes to instructor: 1. Read highlighted portions of Davis' paper, pp. 94 of article 2. Assign atropine overdose as reading (pp 167-168) 3. Assign tetrodotoxin as reading (pp 377) And here's an interesting review of Davis' work: webster.edu SirC2BBM@tonguefirmlyincheek.com