To: Raymond Duray who wrote (1822 ) 9/30/2002 2:43:38 PM From: Raymond Duray Read Replies (1) | Respond to of 8683 STOP BUSH'S IMMORAL WAR OF IMPERIALISM PAGE 3 BUSH'S PROPOSED WAR AND CURRENT THREATS VIOLATE THE U.S. CONSTITUTION, THE U.N. CHARTER AND INTERNATIONAL LAW Bush's preemptive war policy and proposed attack on Iraq cannot be justified under any form of established law. The preemptive war policy and Bush's threatened new military assault on Iraq violates U.S. domestic law and international law. The warmongering, preparations for war, and threats of violence coming from Bush, Cheney, Rumsfeld, Rice and other White House and Pentagon hawks, are in and of themselves violations of international law and constitute crimes against peace. Article VI of the U.S. Constitution establishes that ratified treaties, such as the U.N. Charter, are the "supreme law of the land." The Article 1 of the U.N. Charter establishes "The purposes of the United Nations are . . . To maintain international peace and sovereignty, and to that end: to take effective collective measures for the prevention and removals of threats to the peace, and for the suppression of acts of aggression or other breaches of the peace and to bring about by peaceful means, and in conformity with the principles of justice and international law, adjustment or settlement of international disputes or situations which might lead to a breach of the peace . . ." Article 2 states that all member states "shall act in accordance with the following Principles" ". . . All members shall settle their international disputes by peaceful means in such a manner that international peace and security, and justice, are not endangered. "All members shall refrain in their international relations from the threat or use of force against the territorial integrity or political independence of any state, or in any other manner inconsistent with the Purposes of the United Nations . . ." Under this framework, acts of aggression, such as Bush's threatened attack, are to be suppressed and force is used only as a last and unavoidable resort. The U.N. Charter was enacted in 1945 in the aftermath of the devastation and suffering of World War II. The Charter was enacted to bring an end to acts of aggression, "to save succeeding generations from the scourge of war, which twice in our lifetime has brought untold sorrow to mankind." Disputes which might lead to a breach of the peace are required to be resolved *by peaceful means.* Chapter VI of the U.N. Charter, "Pacific Settlement of Disputes," requires countries to "first of all, seek a resolution by negotiation, enquiry, mediation, conciliation, arbitration, judicial settlement, resort to regional agencies or arrangements, or other peaceful means of their own choice."