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Politics : PRESIDENT GEORGE W. BUSH -- Ignore unavailable to you. Want to Upgrade?


To: Professor Dotcomm who wrote (309412)10/17/2002 3:39:23 PM
From: CYBERKEN  Read Replies (1) | Respond to of 769670
 
Professor Duncecap...



To: Professor Dotcomm who wrote (309412)10/17/2002 3:51:16 PM
From: Mr. Whist  Respond to of 769670
 
Re: "When will this new version of US imperialism implode?"

The so-called war on terrorism and 9-11 played right into the political hands of GWB and his coterie of corporate conservatives. Do not forget: They are political pros. My guess is that next month's congressional elections will be a repeat of '00. GOP should keep control of the House and the Senate could go 50-49-1 either way. Meaningful change back to the center is still a year or two away. Just my opinion. The Democrats have done a poor job in putting their issues before the public.



To: Professor Dotcomm who wrote (309412)10/17/2002 8:43:56 PM
From: Mr. Forthright  Respond to of 769670
 
Right Wing, Left Wing, West Wing and other terms used out of context.

Word Origins tells us the terms date back to pre-revolutionary France. In 1789, the French National Assembly was created as a parliamentary body to move control of issues, such as taxation, from the king to the citizenry.

Inside the chamber where the National Assembly met, members of the Third Estate sat on the left side and members of the First Estate sat on the right. The Third Estate consisted of revolutionaries, while the First Estate were nobles. Thus, the left wing of the room was more liberal, and the right wing was more conservative. In the next few years, the revolutionaries would take over and countless noble heads would roll, but that's another story.

Word Detective corroborates the idea that "left wing" and "right wing" date to the seating arrangements of the 1789 French National Assembly. The Mavens' Word of the Day also confirms the phrases' origin.

Word Wizard agrees on the origins of the terms and adds that they have a secondary layer of meanings. "Right" can also mean "correct," while the Latin term for "left" suggests "sinister" behavior.



To: Professor Dotcomm who wrote (309412)10/17/2002 8:54:31 PM
From: Mr. Forthright  Read Replies (1) | Respond to of 769670
 
A few weeks ago Jean-Marie Le Pen, the alleged extreme right-wing madman, managed to place second in the first round of the French Presidential election. Since then, many Europhile commentators in the English-speaking world have been attempting to reassure us that the significance of this event has been much overplayed -- Le Pen only got a little more than he usually gets, pure fluke he came second, nothing to see here, move along.

The best response to this line of thinking was by the shrewd Internet commentatrix Megan McArdle: "They're completely missing the point, which is that it's hilarious."

Absolutely. You'd have to have a heart of stone not to be weeping with laughter at the scenes of France's snot-nosed political elite huffily denouncing the result as an insult to the honour of the Republic. I was in Paris a few weeks ago and I well remember the retired French diplomat who assured me that "a man like George W. Bush is simply not possible in our politics. For a creature of such crude, simplistic and extreme views to be one of the two principal candidates in a presidential election would be inconceivable here. Inconceivable!"

Please, no giggling. Somehow events have so arranged themselves that French electors faced a choice, as the papers see it, between "la droite" et "l'extrême droite." The French people have taken to the streets in angry protests against ... the French people! Which must be a relief to the operators of McDonald's franchises, British lorry drivers and other more traditional targets of their ire, but is still a little weird.

Meanwhile, the only thing that stood between M. Le Pen and the Elysée Palace, President Chirac, had declared himself the representative of "the soul of the Republic." In the sense that he's a shifty dissembler with a long history of financial scandal and no political principles, he may be on to something.

While M. Chirac had cast himself as the defender of France, M. Le Pen was apparently the defender of the Jews. While I was over there, he was the only candidate who was seriously affronted by the epidemic of anti-Jew assaults by French Muslims. The Eurosnots told me this was "cynical," given that M. Le Pen is notoriously anti-Jew and not above doing oven jokes in public. But that doesn't necessarily make him cynical. Maybe he just loathes Arabs even more than Jews (which, for linguistic pedants, would make him technically a perfect anti-Semite).

Maybe he just resents the Muslims muscling in on his turf: "We strongly object to the Arab attacks on the Jews. That's our job." But, given that Chirac and Jospin brushed off the Jew-bashing epidemic like a speck of dust on their elegant suits, Le Pen's ability to co-opt it into his general tough-on-crime/tough-on-immigrants approach showed at the least a certain political savvy.

Still, despite the racism and bigotry, I resent the characterization of M. Le Pen as "extreme right." I'm an extreme right-wing madman myself, and it takes one to know one. M. Le Pen is an economic protectionist in favour of the minimum wage, lavish subsidies for France's incompetent industries and inefficient agriculture; he's anti-American and fiercely opposed to globalization.

Even the antipathy toward Jews is more of a left-wing thing these days -- see the EU, UN, Svend and Mary Robinson, etc. Insofar as anyone speaks up for Jews in the West, it's only a few right-wing columnists, Newt Gingrich, Christian conservatives and Mrs. Thatcher -- or, "all you Hebraic a--holes on the right." M. Le Pen is a nationalist and a socialist -- or, if you prefer, a nationalist socialist. Hmm. A bit long but, if you lost a syllable, you might be in business.

But terms like "left" and "right" are irrelevant in French politics. In an advanced technocratic state, where almost any issue worth talking about has been ruled beyond the scope of partisan politics, you might as well throw away the compass. The presidential election was meant to be a contest between the supposedly conservative Chirac and his supposedly socialist Prime Minister, Lionel Jospin. In practice, this boils down to a candidate who's left of right of left of centre, and a candidate who's right of left of right of left of centre. Chirac and Jospin ran on identical platforms -- they're both in favour of high taxes, high unemployment and high crime. So, with no significant policy differences between them, the two candidates were relying on their personal appeal, which, given that one's a fraud and the other's a dullard, was asking rather too much of French voters. Faced with a choice between Eurodee and Eurodum, you can't blame electors for choosing to make it a real race by voting for the one guy running on an openly stated, clearly defined manifesto.


M. Le Pen wants to restrict immigration; Chirac and Jospin think this subject is beneath discussion. Le Pen thinks the euro is a "currency of occupation"; Chospin and Jirac think this subject is beneath discussion. Le Pen wants to pull out of the EU; Chipin and Josrac think this subject is beneath discussion. Le Pen wants to get tough on crime; Chispac and Jorin think this, too, is beneath discussion, and that may have been their mistake. European Union and even immigration are lofty, philosophical issues. But crime is personal. The French are undergoing a terrible wave of criminality, in which thousands of cars are routinely torched for fun and more and more immigrant suburbs are no-go areas for the police. Chirac and Jospin's unwillingness even to address this issue only confirmed their image as the arrogant co-regents of a remote, insulated elite.

Europe's ruling class has effortlessly refined Voltaire: I disapprove of what you say, but I will defend to the death my right not to have to listen to you say it. You might disapprove of what Le Pen says on immigration, but to declare that the subject cannot even be raised is profoundly unhealthy for a democracy. The problem with the old one-party states of Africa and Latin America was that they criminalized dissent: You could no longer criticize the President, you could only kill him. In the two-party one-party states of Europe, a similar process is under way: If the political culture forbids respectable politicians from raising certain topics, then the electorate will turn to unrespectable politicians -- as they're doing in France, Austria, Belgium, the Netherlands, Denmark and elsewhere. Le Pen is not an aberration but the logical consequence.

The Eurosnots, of course, learn nothing. President Chirac, for his part, had announced that he would not deign to debate his opponent during the last two weeks of the campaign. M. Le Pen beat M. Chirac in nine of France's 22 districts. Unlovely he may be, but he is the legitimate standard-bearer for democratic opposition to Chirac. By refusing to engage, the President is doing a grave disservice to French democracy. Similarly, Gerhard Schroeder, facing difficult electoral prospects this fall, is now warning German conservatives that he will decline to participate in a "campaign of fear" -- i.e., on touchy issues. But the way you defeat poisonous ideas is to expose them to the bracing air of open debate. In Marseilles, they're burning synagogues. In Berlin, the police advise Jews not to leave their homes in skullcaps or other identifying marks of their faith. But Europe's political establishments insist that, on immigration and crime, there's nothing to talk about.

A century and a half ago, Tsar Nicholas I described Turkey as "the sick man of Europe." Today, the sick man of Europe is the European -- the urbane Continental princelings like Chirac and Michel, gliding from capital to capital building their Eutopia, oblivious to the popular will except on those rare occasions, such as Sunday, when the people do something so impertinent they finally catch the eye of their haughty maître d'.

I've said before that September 11th will prove to be like the Archduke's assassination in Sarajevo -- one of those events that shatters the known world. To the list of polities destined to slip down the Eurinal of history, we must add the European Union and France's Fifth Republic. The only question is how messy their disintegration will be.
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Written by Mark Steyn

jewishworldreview.com



To: Professor Dotcomm who wrote (309412)10/17/2002 9:04:52 PM
From: Mr. Forthright  Read Replies (1) | Respond to of 769670
 
Let me add, Professor DC, that journalists have been predicting the death of the right wing/left wing terms for decades, though we've done precious little to hasten their end. While we claim they no longer describe reality, we are loath to abandon them. They may be misleading, but they're so convenient that we use them as often as we did before we began announcing their obsolescence.

Born in the French National Assembly in 1789, the left-right classification now represents a perverse element in political thought, the habit of sorting opinions into simplistic categories. Everyone from political scientists to party organizers yields to this temptation, though for different reasons (political scientists hope to understand, organizers hope to manipulate). Whatever their motives, they reveal a crabbed, narrow view of human diversity. They assume that when they learn 10 of your opinions they can predict countless others and determine how you'll vote as well. There's a proper slot for you, and it's the job of political researchers to stuff you into it.

A major source of this practice is The Authoritarian Personality, by Theodor Adorno and three colleagues, published in 1950. Adorno, a refugee from Nazi Germany, wanted to understand the appeal of fascism. He believed that childhood experience shapes our political convictions, which are therefore best analyzed by combining the insights of European psychoanalysis with statistics-driven American sociology.

The Adorno group asked a sample of Americans whether they agreed or not with various propositions, such as "Obedience and respect for authority are the most important virtues children should learn." In analyzing the responses, they devised the "F-scale" (F for fascism) to identify personalities vulnerable to Nazi ideology. Various studies have since shown that it doesn't work and in fact indicates nothing except old-fashioned views. Hitler was old-fashioned, and Adorno mistakenly believed that those sharing his views (on the authority of fathers, for instance) shared his politics. Even so, The Authoritarian Personality remained influential for many years; Allan Gregg, the celebrated Canadian pollster, once called it the most impressive piece of research ever done.

Adorno's work spread the idea that each of us lives by a set of stereotyped opinions. The late Pim Fortuyn was the most recent victim of this notion. He became famous in Dutch politics for declaring that the country should accept no more immigrants because it was "filled up." His book, Against The Islamicization Of Our Culture, argued that Muslim immigrants, because of their religious views on women, homosexuals and freedom, had great difficulty integrating into Dutch society. Fortuyn's opinions weren't racist (Islam being a religion, not a race) but hardly anyone noticed that distinction.

In the Netherlands and elsewhere he was labelled a racist, a fascist, even a Nazi. But unlike Jean-Marie Le Pen (whom he disliked), Fortuyn never proposed returning immigrants to their countries of origin. And, so far as I can tell from a five-page summary of his party platform, his other opinions weren't even distantly related to fascism. He championed women's rights and euthanasia, supported Israel, favoured legalized drugs. He demanded higher salaries for teachers.

A Dutch journalist wrote in The New York Times, "Fortuyn's views were a curious mixture of right, center and left." Apparently "curious" means that he had a mind, however flawed, rather than a set of programmed responses. It's unfortunate that so few foreigners knew anything about him before his assassination on May 6, because he sounds like a one-man refutation of everything that sociology tries to teach us about political beliefs. Perhaps his own academic experience as a sociologist protected him from the fallacies of the craft.

Still, anyone in the Netherlands who indulges in oversimplification deserves our sympathy. The Dutch election this week meant a new government, but otherwise it's impossible to say what the hell happened. The Netherlands has 10 political parties, proportional representation, and inevitable coalitions. Majority government is now unknown. On Wednesday, the Christian Democrats scored what everyone called a great victory; this meant they won fewer than a third of the seats in parliament.

The clutter of choices makes deciding how to vote especially hard, and to help them the Dutch now have a Web site, The Voting Indicator. It might have been cooked up by Adorno's grandchild but in fact is operated by an independent institute for political studies. The site designers, consulting all political parties, assemble 30 propositions. An individual voter then signifies agreement or disagreement with each statement and the site's computer produces "a voting recommendation," the name of the party most closely representing that person's views. More than 1.6 million citizens went online for advice. Dutch political scientists thus assumed a new status in the electoral process. No longer limited to describing, they can now usher each voter into the category where he or she will feel most at home.

My own hope, possibly forlorn, is that most of those voters rebelled and chose a party the computer didn't recommend. But then, I rejoice at every defeat for political pollsters. I cling to the notion that all of us are most human when we are least predictable.

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Left or right? Voters aren't easily pigeon-holed
written by Robert Fulford
(The National Post, May 18, 2002)

robertfulford.com