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To: Bucky Katt who wrote (9729)	11/29/2002 9:24:17 AM
From: Fudd	Read Replies (1) \| Respond to of 48461

William, Perhaps commercial airlines will have a need to equip. with an anti-missile system? Anti-missile Weapons Smart weapons are also used to protect the launch platform by countering incoming missiles. In particular, a ship presents a large, inviting and slow moving target. Until recently, anti-ship missiles such as the Exocet could strike a ship with devastating effect, as evidenced in the Falklands/Malvinas War between the UK and Argentina. These missiles initially proved hard to counter because of their low trajectory and high speed (up to Mach 2). The task is to accurately direct a defensive missile at the incoming missile and to detonate it in close proximity. A very successful solution has proved to be the RAM (Rolling Airframe Missile) – see Figure 3 - which for security reasons cannot be discussed in anything but general terms here. In this system, photodiodes are used to sense the proximity of the incoming missile, rather than for guidance. The RAM is a “fire and forget” system; once launched, it relies on internal tracking systems. Initially it tracks the incoming missile using the RF signal used to lock the incoming missile on to the ship. At closer range, it tracks the infrared from the plume of the incoming missile. As its name suggests, the RAM missile rolls (spins) during flight at a high revolution rate. Laser diodes are arranged to emit from the side of the missile. As the RAM passes alongside the incoming missile, the laser light is reflected and collected through optics and a bandpass filter, mounted in the side of the RAM, and then directed onto elaborate arrays of photodiodes. The reflection signal is used as a proximity fuse to detonate the warhead. The success of RAM is due to its ability to discriminate between reflections from the target missile and sunlight, starlight, or reflections off the ocean surface. Discrimination against ambient light is provided by using laser diode sources and monochromatic (bandpass filter) detection. Discrimination against ocean reflections is provided by the shape of the photodiode array and characteristic profile of the pulsed signal that results from the high speed rotation of the missile. Since most of the “smarts” are incorporated within this sophisticated missile, RAM represents a higher cost per launch. But, this is really not an issue in this case, given the importance of its role, and the fact that the manufacturer (Raytheon) reports a kill rate higher than 99.99%. advancedphotonix.com