To: RR who wrote (56366 ) 12/8/2002 10:03:40 AM From: stockman_scott Respond to of 65232 Strategies from the Best Stockpickers Saturday December 7, 9:23 pm ET By Linda Stern WASHINGTON (Reuters) - From here on out, the stock market may be somewhat less dismal, but it will be no less bumpy. And, anyone who has ever made -- or lost -- money in volatile markets knows that it's important to have a strategy. Investors who jump from theory to theory or change their strategy with the latest CNBC reports will, as the saying goes, get slaughtered while the bulls and the bears make money. It's not always easy to define a strategy, but a book published earlier this year can help. "The Market Gurus" by John Reese and Todd Glassman (2002, Dearborn Trade Publishing), spells out the strategies employed by some of the most famous and methodical investors in U.S. stock market history. It's a nice book for investors who are serious about scouring the market for good stocks, because it spells out the exact criteria by which the Warren Buffetts, Martin Zweigs and Peter Lynches of the world came by their fortunes. It's as if each star investor wrote a chapter opening his own magic box of strategies. And every detail is summarized in a grand final chapter called "the famous ratios" which lists and explains the numbers that can point the way to good stocks. For example, there's not one of the famous investors who doesn't look at some measure of a company's intrinsic value. Most looked at the ratio of a company's share price to its earnings, either as a stand-alone statistic or in relation to other figures. For example, Benjamin Graham, the father of value investing, liked companies with PE ratios under 15. Peter Lynch only looked at the PE of those firms with sales exceeding $1 billion, and he wanted them to have PEs under 40. That gives you a much longer list of companies, but not the whole universe. Even William O'Neil, the publisher of Investor's Business Daily who is famous for loving fast growing companies and stocks that are moving up quickly, likes to look at PE and compare it to how fast a company's earnings are growing. In his estimation, a high price/earnings ratio is okay if it is exceeded by the company's annual earnings growth rate. That ratio is called PEG. What about Warren Buffett, probably the most lauded investor still trading today? He doesn't look at PE, or O'Neil's PEG, or price-to-sales or yield, other measures you'd expect a traditional value investor to use. Instead, Buffett really scours a company's debts, and buys shares only in firms that can pay off their long-term debt with two years of net earnings... last year's earnings. His ratio? Long- term debt must be less than twice last year's earnings. In fact, all but one of the famous investors steered clear of companies with high debt loads, though each had his own way of measuring that. Other factors that pointed star investors to star stocks? Fast earnings growth. Solid dividends. Growing sales. Anyone willing to do a little homework (and homework is much easier to do with online stock screening sites available today), can put together their own strategy from the useful information in this book and build a portfolio likely to deliver gains over the long haul. The authors points are informative, but they deliver one lesson more than they probably wish they had. Their own, analytical Web site, validea.com -- which spawned the book and is referred to at the beginning and end of the volume -- is inactive, and for all intents and purposes, defunct. That doesn't make their information invalid. It just seems their own company didn't measure up to those winning ratios. (Linda Stern is a freelance writer who covers personal finance issues for Reuters. Any opinions in the column are solely those of Ms. Stern. You can e-mail her at lindastern(at)aol.com).biz.yahoo.com